USPTO issued Patent No. 12,590,143 B2 to Citryll B.V. on March 31, 2026, covering antibodies and binding fragments directed against citrulline-containing epitopes derived from citrullinated histones 2A and/or 4. The patent claims priority to Application No. 17827488 (filed May 27, 2022) and includes 13 claims under CPC classifications C07K 16/18, A61P 19/02, and A61P 29/00.

Pharmaceutical companies developing treatments for NET-associated diseases—including rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, vasculitis, and sepsis—should conduct freedom-to-operate analyses before proceeding with related antibody therapeutics. Biotech firms and research institutions should review their pipelines for potential licensing opportunities or design-around strategies to avoid infringement on this newly granted patent.