SLSDC Rule Revisions for Civil Penalty Amounts

Content

ACTION:

Final rule.

SUMMARY:

This final rule provides the statutorily prescribed 2025 adjustment to civil penalty amounts that may be imposed for violations
of certain DOT regulations.

DATES:

This rule is effective December 30, 2024.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

Elizabeth Kohl, Attorney-Advisor, Office of the General Counsel, U.S. Department of Transportation, 1200 New Jersey Ave. SE,
Washington, DC 20590, 202-366-7253; elizabeth.kohl@dot.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Authority for This Rulemaking

This rule implements the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act of 1990 (FCPIAA), Public Law 101-410, as amended
by the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act Improvements Act of 2015 (2015 Act), Public Law 114-74, 129 Stat.
599, codified at 28 U.S.C. 2461 note. The FCPIAA and the 2015 Act require Federal agencies to adjust minimum and maximum civil
penalty amounts to preserve their deterrent impact. The 2015 Act amended the formula and frequency of the adjustments. It
required an initial catch-up adjustment in the form of an interim final rule, followed by annual adjustments of civil penalty
amounts using a statutorily mandated formula. Section 4(b)(2) of the 2015 Act specifically directs that the annual adjustment
be accomplished through final rule without notice and comment. This rule is effective immediately.

The Department's authorities over the specific civil penalty regulations being amended by this rule are provided in the preamble
discussion below.

I. Background

On November 2, 2015, the President signed into law the 2015 Act, which amended the FCPIAA, to improve the effectiveness of
civil monetary penalties and to maintain their deterrent effect. The 2015 Act requires Federal agencies to: (1) adjust the
level of civil monetary penalties with an initial “catch-up” adjustment through an interim final rule (IFR); and (2) make
subsequent annual adjustments.

The 2015 Act directed the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) to issue guidance on implementing the required annual adjustment
no later than December 15 of each year. (1) OMB released this required guidance in OMB Memorandum M-25-02, available at https://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/information-for-agencies/memoranda/, which provides instructions on how to calculate the 2025 annual adjustment. To derive the 2025 adjustment, the Department
must multiply the maximum or minimum penalty amount by the percent change between the October 2024 Consumer Price Index for
All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) and the October 2023 CPI-U. In this case, as explained in OMB Memorandum M-25-02, the percent
change between the October 2024 CPI-U and the October 2023 CPI-U is 1.02598. (2)

On May 16, 2024, the President signed the FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024 (2024 Reauthorization Act) (Pub. L. 118-63) into
law. Updates to the Department's civil penalties authority in the 2024 Reauthorization Act are reflected, as appropriate,
in this final rule.

II. Issuance of a Final Rule

This final rule is being published without notice and comment and with an immediate effective date. The 2015 Act provides
clear direction for how to adjust the civil penalties, and clearly states at section 4(b)(2) that this adjustment shall be
made “notwithstanding section 553 of title 5, United States Code.” By operation of the 2015 Act, DOT must publish an annual
adjustment by January 15 of every year, and the new levels take effect upon publication of the rule. Accordingly, DOT is publishing
this final rule without prior notice and comment, and with an immediate effective date.

III. Discussion of the Final Rule

In 2016, OST and DOT's operating administrations with civil monetary penalties promulgated the “catch up” IFR required by
the 2015 Act. All DOT operating administrations have finalized their “catch up” IFRs, and this rule makes the annual adjustment
required by the 2015 Act.

The Department emphasizes that this rule adjusts penalties prospectively, and therefore the penalty adjustments made by this
rule will apply only to violations that take place after this rule becomes effective. This rule also does not change previously
assessed or enforced penalties that DOT is actively collecting or has collected.

A. Office of the Secretary (OST) 2025 Adjustments

OST's 2025 civil penalty adjustments are summarized in the chart below. Pursuant to section 507 of the 2024 Reauthorization
Act, the Department increased the maximum civil penalty in 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1) to $75,000 for persons who are not individuals
or small business concerns. (3) The maximum penalty for individuals and small business concerns was not

  changed by the 2024 Reauthorization Act.

Also, subsection 542(a) of the 2024 Reauthorization Act requires DOT to issue a notice of proposed rulemaking to develop requirements
for minimum training standards related to stowing on an aircraft wheelchairs and scooters used by passengers with disabilities.
Subsections (b) and (c) specify requirements of the rule and considerations that the Department must make in conducting the
rulemaking. Subsection (d) requires issuance of a final rule, and subsection (e) authorizes DOT to assess a civil penalty
in accordance with 49 U.S.C. 46301 against any air carrier or foreign air carrier who does not meet the requirements established
in the rulemaking. In addition, subsection 543(a) of the 2024 Reauthorization Act requires DOT to issue a notice of proposed
rulemaking to develop requirements for minimum training standards for airline personnel or contractors who assist wheelchair
users who board or deplane using an aisle chair or other boarding device. Subsections (b) and (c) specify requirements of
the rule and considerations that the Department must make in conducting the rulemaking. Subsection (d) requires issuance of
a final rule, and subsection (e) authorizes DOT to assess a civil penalty in accordance with 49 U.S.C. 46301 against any air
carrier or foreign air carrier who does not meet the requirements established in the rulemaking. DOT will conduct the rulemakings
as required by the 2024 Reauthorization Act. Any penalties would subsequently be included and updated in the Department's
annual civil penalties update rulemaking.

| Description | Citation | Existing
penalty | New penalty
(existing penalty × 1.02598) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| General civil penalty for violations of certain aviation economic regulations and statutes | 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1) | $41,577 | $75,000 |
| General civil penalty for violations of certain aviation economic regulations and statutes involving an individual or small
business concern | 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1) | 1,828 | 1,875 |
| Civil penalties for individuals or small businesses for violations of most provisions of Chapter 401 of Title 49, including
the anti-discrimination provisions of sections 40127 and 41705 and rules and orders issued pursuant to these provisions | 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(5)(A) | 16,630 | 17,062 |
| Civil penalties for individuals or small businesses for violations of 49 U.S.C. 41719 and rules and orders issued pursuant
to that provision | 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(5)(C) | 8,315 | 8,531 |
| Civil penalties for individuals or small businesses for violations of 49 U.S.C. 41712 or consumer protection rules and orders
issued pursuant to that provision | 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(5)(D) | 4,159 | 4,267 |

B. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) 2025 Adjustments

FAA's 2025 civil penalty adjustments are summarized in the chart below. Pursuant to section 507 of the 2024 Reauthorization
Act, the Department increased the maximum civil penalty in 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1) to $75,000 for persons who are not individuals
or small business concerns. The Department also added the civil penalty specified in section 770 of the 2024 Reauthorization
Act for violations of 47 U.S.C. 47107(a)(22) related to the restriction or prohibition of the sale or self-fueling of any
100-octane low lead aviation gasoline, including any grant assurances made under that section. (4)

| Description | Citation | Existing
penalty | New penalty
(existing penalty × 1.02598) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Violation of hazardous materials transportation law | 49 U.S.C. 5123(a)(1) | $99,756 | $102,348 |
| Violation of hazardous materials transportation law resulting in death, serious illness, severe injury, or substantial property
destruction | 49 U.S.C. 5123(a)(2) | 232,762 | 238,809 |
| Minimum penalty for violation of hazardous materials transportation law relating to training | 49 U.S.C. 5123(a)(3) | 601 | 617 |
| Maximum penalty for violation of hazardous materials transportation law relating to training | 49 U.S.C. 5123(a)(3) | 99,756 | 102,348 |
| Knowing presentation of a nonconforming aircraft for issuance of an initial airworthiness certificate by a production certificate
holder | 49 U.S.C. 44704(d)(3)(B) | 1,181,581 | 1,212,278 |
| Knowing failure by an applicant for or holder of a type certificate to submit safety critical information or include certain
such information in an airplane flight manual or flight crew operating manual contrary to 49 U.S.C. 44704(e)(1)-(3) | 49 U.S.C. 44704(e)(4)(A) | 1,181,582 | 1,212,278 |
| Operation of an unmanned aircraft or unmanned aircraft system equipped or armed with a dangerous weapon | 49 U.S.C. 44802 note | 30,417 | 31,207 |
| Violation by a person other than an individual or small business concern under 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1)(A) or (B) | 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1) | 41,577 | 75,000 |
| Violation by an airman serving as an airman under 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1)(A) or (B) (but not covered by 46301(a)(5)(A) or (B)) | 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1) | 1,828 | 1,875 |
| Violation by an individual or small business concern under 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1)(A) or (B) (but not covered in 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(5)) | 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1) | 1,828 | 1,875 |
| Violation by an individual or small business concern (except an airman serving as an airman) under 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(5)(A)(i)
or (ii) | 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(5)(A) | 16,630 | 17,062 |
| Violation by an individual or small business concern related to the transportation of hazardous materials | 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(5)(B)(i) | 16,630 | 17,062 |
| Violation by an individual or small business concern related to the registration or recordation under 49 U.S.C. chapter 441,
of an aircraft not used to provide air transportation | 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(5)(B)(ii) | 16,630 | 17,062 |
| Violation by an individual or small business concern of 49 U.S.C. 44718(d), relating to limitation on construction or establishment
of landfills | 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(5)(B)(iii) | 16,630 | 17,062 |
| Violation by an individual or small business concern of 49 U.S.C. 44725, relating to the safe disposal of life- limited aircraft
parts | 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(5)(B)(iv) | 16,630 | 17,062 |
| Individual who aims the beam of a laser pointer at an aircraft in the airspace jurisdiction of the United States, or at the
flight path of such an aircraft | 49 U.S.C. 46301 note | 31,819 | 32,646 |
| Tampering with a smoke alarm device | 49 U.S.C. 46301(b) | 5,339 | 5,478 |
| Knowingly providing false information about alleged violation involving the special aircraft jurisdiction of the United States | 49 U.S.C. 46302 | 28,995 | 29,748 |
| Physical or sexual assault or threat to physically or sexually assault crewmember or other individual on an aircraft, or action
that poses an imminent threat to the safety of the aircraft or individuals on board | 49 U.S.C. 46318 | 43,658 | 44,792 |
| Permanent closure of an airport without providing sufficient notice | 49 U.S.C. 46319 | 16,630 | 17,062 |
| Operating an unmanned aircraft and in so doing knowingly or recklessly interfering with a wildfire suppression, law enforcement,
or emergency response effort | 49 U.S.C. 46320 | 25,455 | 26,116 |
| Violation of 49 U.S.C. 41707(a)(22), including any grant assurances made under that section | 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(8) | N/A | 5,000 |
| Violation of 51 U.S.C. 50901-50923, a regulation issued under these statutes, or any term or condition of a license or permit
issued or transferred under these statutes | 51 U.S.C. 50917(c) | 292,181 | 299,772 |

C. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) 2025 Adjustments

NHTSA's 2025 civil penalty adjustments are summarized in the chart below.

| Description | Citation | Existing
penalty | New penalty
(existing penalty × 1.02598) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Maximum penalty amount for each violation of: 49 U.S.C. 30112, 30115, 30117-30122, 30123(a), 30125(c), 30127, 30141-30147,
30166 or 31137, or a regulation prescribed under any of these sections | 49 U.S.C. 30165(a)(1), 30165(a)(3) | $27,168 | $27,874 |
| Maximum penalty amount for a related series of violations of: 49 U.S.C. 30112, 30115, 30117-30122, 30123(a), 30125(c), 30127,
30141-30147, 30166 or 31137, or a regulation prescribed under any of these sections | 49 U.S.C. 30165(a)(1), 30165(a)(3) | 135,828,178 | 139,356,994 |
| Maximum penalty per school bus related violation of 49 U.S.C. 30112(a)(1) or 30112(a)(2) | 49 U.S.C. 30165(a)(2)(A) | 15,445 | 15,846 |
| Maximum penalty amount for a series of school bus related violations of 49 U.S.C. 30112(a)(1) or 30112(a)(2) | 49 U.S.C. 30165(a)(2)(B) | 23,167,823 | 23,769,723 |
| Maximum penalty per violation for filing false or misleading reports | 49 U.S.C. 30165(a)(4) | 6,650 | 6,823 |
| Maximum penalty amount for a series of violations related to filing false or misleading reports | 49 U.S.C. 30165(a)(4) | 1,330,069 | 1,364,624 |
| Maximum penalty amount for each violation of the reporting requirements related to maintaining the National Motor Vehicle
Title Information System | 49 U.S.C. 30505 | 2,168 | 2,224 |
| Maximum penalty amount for each violation of a bumper standard under 49 U.S.C. 32506 | 49 U.S.C. 32507(a) | 3,558 | 3,650 |
| Maximum penalty amount for a series of violations of a bumper standard under 49 U.S.C. 32506 | 49 U.S.C. 32507(a) | 3,961,763 | 4,064,690 |
| Maximum penalty amount for each violation of 49 U.S.C. 32308(a) related to providing information on crashworthiness and damage
susceptibility | 49 U.S.C. 32308(b) | 3,558 | 3,650 |
| Maximum penalty amount for a series of violations of 49 U.S.C. 32308(a) related to providing information on crashworthiness
and damage susceptibility | 49 U.S.C. 32308(b) | 1,940,403 | 1,990,815 |
| Maximum penalty for each violation related to the tire fuel efficiency information program | 49 U.S.C. 32308(c) | 73,628 | 75,541 |
| Maximum civil penalty for willfully failing to affix, or failing to maintain, the label required in 49 U.S.C. 32304 | 49 U.S.C. 32309 | 2,168 | 2,224 |
| Maximum penalty amount per violation related to odometer tampering and disclosure | 49 U.S.C. 32709 | 13,300 | 13,676 |
| Maximum penalty amount for a related series of violations related to odometer tampering and disclosure | 49 U.S.C. 32709 | 1,330,069 | 1,364,624 |
| Maximum penalty amount per violation related to odometer tampering and disclosure with intent to defraud | 49 U.S.C. 32710 | 13,330 | 13,676 |
| Maximum penalty amount for each violation of 49 U.S.C. 33114(a)(1)-(4) | 49 U.S.C. 33115(a) | 2,922 | 2,998 |
| Maximum penalty amount for a related series of violations of 49 U.S.C. 33114(a)(1)-(4) | 49 U.S.C. 33115(a) | 730,455 | 749,432 |
| Maximum civil penalty for violations of 49 U.S.C. 33114(a)(5) | 49 U.S.C. 33115(b) | 216,972 | 222,609 |
| Maximum civil penalty for violations under 49 U.S.C. 32911(a) related to automobile fuel economy | 49 U.S.C 32912(a) | 51,139 | 52,468 |
| Civil penalty factor for violations of fuel economy standards prescribed for a model year under 49 U.S.C. 32902. 5 | 49 U.S.C. 32912(b) | 17 | 17 |
| Maximum civil penalty factor that may be prescribed for fuel economy standards under 49 U.S.C. 32912(c)(1)(A) | 49 U.S.C. 32912(c)(1)(B) | 32 | 33 |
| Maximum civil penalty for a violation under the medium- and heavy-duty vehicle fuel efficiency program | 49 U.S.C. 32902 | 50,360 | 51,668 |

D. Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) 2025 Adjustments

FMCSA's civil

  penalties affected by this rule are all located in appendices A and B to 49 CFR part 386. The 2025 adjustments to these civil
  penalties are summarized in the chart below. Note that in the regulatory text for the 2023 update, the penalty for violations
  of Appendix A IV (i) Out-of-service order (conducting operations during suspension or revocation for failure to pay penalties)
  and the penalty for Appendix B (a)(3) Non-recordkeeping violations were incorrectly stated as $18,758. The correct dollar
  amount, as stated in the preamble of the 2023 update, was $18,759. The error in the regulatory text has been corrected in
  this 2024 update, reflecting a penalty for this 2025 update of $19,246.

| Description | Citation | Existing
penalty | New penalty (existing
penalty× 1.02598) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Appendix A II Subpoena | 49 U.S.C. 525 | $1,330 | $1,365 |
| Appendix A II Subpoena | 49 U.S.C. 525 | 13,300 | 13,676 |
| Appendix A IV (a) Out-of-service order (operation of commercial motor vehicle (CMV) by driver) | 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(7) | 2,304 | 2,364 |
| Appendix A IV (b) Out-of-service order (requiring or permitting operation of CMV by driver) | 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(7) | 23,048 | 23,647 |
| Appendix A IV (c) Out-of-service order (operation by driver of CMV or intermodal equipment that was placed out of service) | 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(7) | 2,304 | 2,364 |
| Appendix A IV (d) Out-of-service order (requiring or permitting operation of CMV or intermodal equipment that was placed out
of service) | 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(7) | 23,048 | 23,647 |
| Appendix A IV (e) Out-of-service order (failure to return written certification of correction) | 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(B) | 1,152 | 1,182 |
| Appendix A IV (g) Out-of-service order (failure to cease operations as ordered) | 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(F) | 33,252 | 34,116 |
| Appendix A IV (h) Out-of-service order (operating in violation of order) | 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(7) | 29,221 | 29,980 |
| Appendix A IV (i) Out-of-service order (conducting operations during suspension or revocation for failure to pay penalties) | 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(A) and (b)(7) | 18,759 | 19,246 |
| Appendix A IV (j) (conducting operations during suspension or revocation) | 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(7) | 29,221 | 29,980 |
| Appendix B (a)(1) Recordkeeping—maximum penalty per day | 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(B)(i) | 1,544 | 1,584 |
| Appendix B (a)(1) Recordkeeping—maximum total penalty | 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(B)(i) | 15,445 | 15,846 |
| Appendix B (a)(2) Knowing falsification of records | 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(B)(ii) | 15,445 | 15,846 |
| Appendix B (a)(3) Non- recordkeeping violations | 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(A) | 18,759 | 19,246 |
| Appendix B (a)(4) Non- recordkeeping violations by drivers | 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(A) | 4,690 | 4,812 |
| Appendix B (a)(5) Violation of 49 CFR 392.5 (first conviction) | 49 U.S.C. 31310(i)(2)(A) | 3,861 | 3,961 |
| Appendix B (a)(5) Violation of 49 CFR 392.5 (second or subsequent conviction) | 49 U.S.C. 31310(i)(2)(A) | 7,723 | 7,924 |
| Appendix B (b) Commercial driver's license (CDL) violations | 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(C) | 6,974 | 7,155 |
| Appendix B (b)(1): Special penalties pertaining to violation of out-of-service orders (first conviction) | 49 U.S.C. 31310(i)(2)(A) | 3,861 | 3,961 |
| Appendix B (b)(1) Special penalties pertaining to violation of out-of-service orders (second or subsequent conviction) | 49 U.S.C. 31310(i)(2)(A) | 7,723 | 7,924 |
| Appendix B (b)(2) Employer violations pertaining to knowingly allowing, authorizing employee violations of out-of-service
order (minimum penalty) | 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(C) | 6,974 | 7,155 |
| Appendix B (b)(2) Employer violations pertaining to knowingly allowing, authorizing employee violations of out-of-service
order (maximum penalty) | 49 U.S.C. 31310(i)(2)(C) | 38,612 | 39,615 |
| Appendix B (b)(3) Special penalties pertaining to railroad-highway grade crossing violations | 49 U.S.C. 31310(j)(2)(B) | 20,017 | 20,537 |
| Appendix B (d) Financial responsibility violations | 49 U.S.C. 31138(d)(1), 31139(g)(1) | 20,579 | 21,114 |
| Appendix B (e)(1) Violations of Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMRs) and Safety Permitting Regulations (transportation or
shipment of hazardous materials) | 49 U.S.C. 5123(a)(1) | 99,756 | 102,348 |
| Appendix B (e)(2) Violations of Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMRs) and Safety Permitting Regulations (training)—minimum
penalty | 49 U.S.C. 5123(a)(3) | 601 | 617 |
| Appendix B (e)(2): Violations of Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMRs) and Safety Permitting Regulations (training)—maximum
penalty | 49 U.S.C. 5123(a)(1) | 99,756 | 102,348 |
| Appendix B (e)(3) Violations of Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMRs) and Safety Permitting Regulations (packaging or container) | 49 U.S.C. 5123(a)(1) | 99,756 | 102,348 |
| Appendix B (e)(4): Violations of Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMRs) and Safety Permitting Regulations (compliance with
FMCSRs) | 49 U.S.C. 5123(a)(1) | 99,756 | 102,348 |
| Appendix B (e)(5) Violations of Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMRs) and Safety Permitting Regulations (death, serious illness,
severe injury to persons; destruction of property) | 49 U.S.C. 5123(a)(2) | 232,762 | 238,809 |
| Appendix B (f)(1) Operating after being declared unfit by assignment of a final “unsatisfactory” safety rating (generally) | 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(F) | 33,252 | 34,116 |
| Appendix B (f)(2) Operating after being declared unfit by assignment of a final “unsatisfactory” safety rating (hazardous
materials)-maximum penalty | 49 U.S.C. 5123(a)(1) | 99,756 | 102,348 |
| Appendix B (f)(2): Operating after being declared unfit by assignment of a final “unsatisfactory” safety rating (hazardous
materials)-maximum penalty if death, serious illness, severe injury to persons; destruction of property | 49 U.S.C. 5123(a)(2) | 232,762 | 238,809 |
| Appendix B (g)(1): Violations of the commercial regulations (CRs) (property carriers) | 49 U.S.C. 14901(a) | 13,300 | 13,676 |
| Appendix B (g)(2) Violations of the CRs (brokers) | 49 U.S.C. 14916(c) | 13,300 | 13,676 |
| Appendix B (g)(3) Violations of the CRs (passenger carriers) | 49 U.S.C. 14901(a) | 33,252 | 34,116 |
| Appendix B (g)(4) Violations of the CRs (foreign motor carriers, foreign motor private carriers) | 49 U.S.C. 14901(a) | 13,300 | 13,676 |
| Appendix B (g)(5) Violations of the operating authority requirement (foreign motor carriers, foreign motor private carriers)—maximum
penalty for intentional violation | 49 U.S.C. 14901 note | 18,291 | 18,766 |
| Appendix B (g)(5) Violations of the operating authority requirement (foreign motor carriers, foreign motor private carriers)—maximum
penalty for a pattern of intentional violations | 49 U.S.C. 14901 note | 45,730 | 46,918 |
| Appendix B (g)(6) Violations of the CRs (motor carrier or broker for transportation of hazardous wastes)—minimum penalty | 49 U.S.C. 14901(b) | 26,602 | 27,293 |
| Appendix B (g)(6) Violations of the CRs (motor carrier or broker for transportation of hazardous wastes)—maximum penalty | 49 U.S.C. 14901(b) | 53,203 | 54,585 |
| Appendix B (g)(7): Violations of the CRs (household goods (HHG) carrier or freight forwarder, or their receiver or trustee) | 49 U.S.C. 14901(d)(1) | 2,000 | 2,052 |
| Appendix B (g)(8) Violation of the CRs (weight of HHG shipment, charging for services)—minimum penalty for first violation | 49 U.S.C. 14901(e) | 4,005 | 4,109 |
| Appendix B (g)(8) Violation of the CRs (weight of HHG shipment, charging for services)—minimum penalty for subsequent violation | 49 U.S.C. 14901(e) | 10,009 | 10,269 |
| Appendix B (g)(10) Tariff violations | 49 U.S.C. 13702, 14903 | 200,174 | 205,375 |
| Appendix B (g)(11) Additional tariff violations (rebates or concessions)—first violation | 49 U.S.C. 14904(a) | 400 | 410 |
| Appendix B (g)(11) Additional tariff violations (rebates or concessions)—subsequent violations | 49 U.S.C. 14904(a) | 500 | 513 |
| Appendix B (g)(12): Tariff violations (freight forwarders)—maximum penalty for first violation | 49 U.S.C. 14904(b)(1) | 1,002 | 1,028 |
| Appendix B (g)(12): Tariff violations (freight forwarders)—maximum penalty for subsequent violations | 49 U.S.C. 14904(b)(1) | 4,005 | 4,109 |
| Appendix B (g)(13): service from freight forwarder at less than rate in effect—maximum penalty for first violation | 49 U.S.C. 14904(b)(2) | 1,002 | 1,028 |
| Appendix B (g)(13): service from freight forwarder at less than rate in effect—maximum penalty for subsequent violation(s) | 49 U.S.C. 14904(b)(2) | 4,005 | 4,109 |
| Appendix B (g)(14): Violations related to loading and unloading motor vehicles | 49 U.S.C. 14905 | 20,017 | 20,537 |
| Appendix B (g)(16): Reporting and recordkeeping under 49 U.S.C. subtitle IV, part B (except 13901 and 13902(c))—minimum penalty | 49 U.S.C. 14901 | 1,330 | 1,365 |
| Appendix B (g)(16): Reporting and recordkeeping under 49 U.S.C. subtitle IV, part B—maximum penalty | 49 U.S.C. 14907 | 10,009 | 10,269 |
| Appendix B (g)(17): Unauthorized disclosure of information | 49 U.S.C. 14908 | 4,005 | 4,109 |
| Appendix B (g)(18): Violation of 49 U.S.C. subtitle IV, part B, or condition of registration | 49 U.S.C. 14910 | 1,002 | 1,028 |
| Appendix B (g)(21)(i): Knowingly and willfully fails to deliver or unload HHG at destination | 49 U.S.C. 14915 | 20,017 | 20,537 |
| Appendix B (g)(22): HHG broker estimate before entering into an agreement with a motor carrier | 49 U.S.C. 14901(d)(2) | 15,445 | 15,846 |
| Appendix B (g)(23): HHG transportation or broker services—registration requirement | 49 U.S.C. 14901 (d)(3) | 38,612 | 39,615 |
| Appendix B (h): Copying of records and access to equipment, lands, and buildings—maximum penalty per day | 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(E) | 1,544 | 1,584 |
| Appendix B (h): Copying of records and access to equipment, lands, and buildings—maximum total penalty | 49 U.S.C. 521(b)(2)(E) | 15,445 | 15,846 |
| Appendix B (i)(1): Evasion of regulations under 49 U.S.C. ch. 5, 51, subchapter III of ch. 311 (except 31138 and 31139), 31302-31304,
31305(b), 31310(g)(1)(A), or 31502—minimum penalty for first violation | 49 U.S.C. 524 | 2,661 | 2,730 |
| Appendix B (i)(1): Evasion of regulations under 49 U.S.C. ch. 5, 51, subchapter III of ch. 311 (except 31138 and 31139), 31302-31304,
31305(b), 31310(g)(1)(A), or 31502—maximum penalty for first violation | 49 U.S.C. 524 | 6,650 | 6,823 |
| Appendix B (i)(1): Evasion of regulations under 49 U.S.C. ch. 5, 51, subchapter III of ch. 311 (except 31138 and 31139), 31302-31304,
31305(b), 31310(g)(1)(A), or 31502—minimum penalty for subsequent violation(s) | 49 U.S.C. 524 | 3,323 | 3,409 |
| Appendix B (i)(1): Evasion of regulations under 49 U.S.C. ch. 5, 51, subchapter III of ch. 311 (except 31138 and 31139), 31302-31304,
31305(b), 31310(g)(1)(A), or 31502—maximum penalty for subsequent violation(s) | 49 U.S.C. 524 | 9,965 | 10,224 |
| Appendix B (i)(2): Evasion of regulations under 49 U.S.C. subtitle IV, part B—minimum penalty for first violation | 49 U.S.C. 14906 | 2,661 | 2,730 |
| Appendix B (i)(2): Evasion of regulations under 49 U.S.C. subtitle IV, part B—minimum penalty for subsequent violation(s) | 49 U.S.C. 14906 | 6,650 | 6,823 |

E. Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) 2025 Adjustments

FRA's 2025 civil penalty adjustments are summarized in the chart below.

| Description | Citation | Existing
penalty | New penalty
(existing penalty × 1.02598) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minimum rail safety penalty | 49 U.S.C. ch. 213 | $1,086 | $1,114 |
| Ordinary maximum rail safety penalty | 49 U.S.C. ch. 213 | 35,516 | 36,439 |
| Maximum penalty for an aggravated rail safety violation | 49 U.S.C. ch. 213 | 142,063 | 145,754 |
| Minimum penalty for hazardous materials training violations | 49 U.S.C. 5123 | 601 | 617 |
| Maximum penalty for ordinary hazardous materials violations | 49 U.S.C. 5123 | 99,756 | 102,348 |
| Maximum penalty for aggravated hazardous materials violations | 49 U.S.C. 5123 | 232,762 | 238,809 |

F. Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) 2025 Adjustments

PHMSA's civil penalties affected by this rule for hazardous materials violations are located in 49 CFR 107.329, appendix A
to subpart D of 49 CFR part 107, and § 171.1. The civil penalties affected by this rule for pipeline safety violations are
located in § 190.223. PHMSA's 2025 civil penalty adjustments are summarized in the chart below.

| Description | Citation | Existing
penalty | New
penalty (existing penalty × 1.02598 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Maximum penalty for hazardous materials violation | 49 U.S.C. 5123 | $99,756 | $102,348 |
| Maximum penalty for hazardous materials violation that results in death, serious illness, or severe injury to any person or
substantial destruction of property | 49 U.S.C. 5123 | 232,762 | 238,809 |
| Minimum penalty for hazardous materials training violations | 49 U.S.C. 5123 | 601 | 617 |
| Maximum penalty for each pipeline safety violation | 49 U.S.C. 60122(a)(1) | 266,015 | 272,926 |
| Maximum penalty for a related series of pipeline safety violations | 49 U.S.C. 60122(a)(1) | 2,660,135 | 2,729,245 |
| Maximum additional penalty for each liquefied natural gas pipeline facility violation | 49 U.S.C. 60122(a)(2) | 97,179 | 99,704 |
| Maximum penalty for discrimination against employees providing pipeline safety information | 49 U.S.C. 60122(a)(3) | 1,544 | 1,584 |

G. Maritime Administration (MARAD) 2025 Adjustments

MARAD's 2025 civil penalty adjustments are summarized in the chart below.

| Description | Citation | Existing
penalty | New penalty
(existing penalty × 1.02598) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Maximum civil penalty for a single violation of any provision under 46 U.S.C. Chapter 313 and all of Subtitle III related
MARAD regulations, except for violations of 46 U.S.C. 31329 | 46 U.S.C. 31309 | $25,548 | $26,212 |
| Maximum civil penalty for a single violation of 46 U.S.C. 31329 as it relates to the court sales of documented vessels | 46 U.S.C. 31330 | 63,991 | 65,653 |
| Maximum civil penalty for a single violation of 46 U.S.C. 56101 as it relates to approvals required to transfer a vessel to
a noncitizen | 46 U.S.C. 56101(e) | 25,712 | 26,380 |
| Maximum civil penalty for failure to file an Automated Mutual Assistance Vessel Rescue System (AMVER) report | 46 U.S.C. 50113(b) | 162 | 166 |
| Maximum civil penalty for violating procedures for the use and allocation of shipping services, port facilities and services
for national security and national defense operations | 50 U.S.C. 4513 | 32,341 | 33,181 |
| Maximum civil penalty for violations in applying for or renewing a vessel's fishery endorsement | 46 U.S.C. 12151 | 187,602 | 192,476 |

H. Great Lakes St. Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation (GLS) 2025 Adjustments

The 2025 civil penalty adjustment for GLS is as follows:

| Description | Citation | Existing
penalty | New penalty
(existing penalty × 1.02598) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Maximum civil penalty for each violation of the Seaway Rules and Regulations at 33 CFR part 401 | 33 U.S.C. 1232 | $114,630 | $117,608 |

Regulatory Analysis and Notices

A. Executive Order 12866 and DOT Regulatory Policies and Procedures

This final rule has been evaluated in accordance with existing policies and procedures and is considered not significant under
Executive Order 12866 and DOT's Regulatory Policies and Procedures; therefore, the rule has not been reviewed by the Office
of Management and Budget (OMB) under Executive Order 12866.

B. Regulatory Flexibility Analysis

The Department has determined the Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980 (RFA) (5 U.S.C. 601, et seq.) does not apply to this rulemaking. The RFA applies, in pertinent part, only when “an agency is required. . . to publish
general notice of proposed rulemaking.” 5 U.S.C. 604(a). The Small Business Administration's A Guide for Government Agencies: How to Comply with the Regulatory Flexibility Act (2012), explains that:

If, under the [Administrative Procedure Act (APA)] or any rule of general applicability governing federal grants to state
and local governments, the agency is required to publish a general notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM), the RFA

must be considered [citing 5 U.S.C. 604(a)]. . . . If an NPRM is not required, the RFA does not apply.

As stated above, DOT has determined that good cause exists to publish this final rule without notice and comment procedures
under the APA. Therefore, the analytical requirements of the RFA do not apply.

C. Executive Order 13132 (Federalism)

This final rule has been analyzed in accordance with the principles and criteria contained in Executive Order 13132 (“Federalism”).
This regulation has no substantial direct effects on the States, the relationship between the National Government and the
States, or the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government. It does not contain any
provision that imposes substantial direct compliance costs on State and local governments. Therefore, the consultation and
funding requirements of Executive Order 13132 do not apply.

D. Executive Order 13175

This final rule has been analyzed in accordance with the principles and criteria contained in Executive Order 13175, Consultation
and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments. Because none of the measures in the rule have tribal implications or impose
substantial direct compliance costs on Indian tribal governments, the funding and consultation requirements of Executive Order
13175 do not apply.

E. Paperwork Reduction Act

Under the Paperwork Reduction Act, before an agency submits a proposed collection of information to OMB for approval, it must
publish a document in the
Federal Register
providing notice of and a 60-day comment period on, and otherwise consult with members of the public and affected agencies
concerning, each proposed collection of information. This final rule imposes no new information reporting or record keeping
necessitating clearance by OMB.

F. National Environmental Policy Act

The Department has analyzed the environmental impacts of this final rule pursuant to the National Environmental Policy Act
of 1969 (NEPA) (42 U.S.C. 4321, et seq.) and has determined that it is categorically excluded pursuant to DOT Order 5610.1C, Procedures for Considering Environmental
Impacts (44 FR 56420, Oct. 1, 1979, as amended July 13, 1982, and July 30, 1985). Categorical exclusions are actions identified
in an agency's NEPA implementing procedures that do not normally have a significant impact on the environment and therefore
do not require either an environmental assessment (EA) or environmental impact statement (EIS). See 40 CFR 1508.1. In analyzing the applicability of a categorical exclusion, the agency must also consider whether extraordinary
circumstances are present that would warrant the preparation of an EA or EIS. Id. Paragraph 4(c)(5) of DOT Order 5610.1C incorporates the categorical exclusions for all DOT Operating Administrations. This
action qualifies for a categorical exclusion in accordance with FAA Order 1050.1F, Environmental Impacts: Policies and Procedures
(80 FR 44208, July 24, 2015), paragraph 5-6.6.f, which covers regulations not expected to cause any potentially significant
environmental impacts. The Department does not anticipate any environmental impacts, and there are no extraordinary circumstances
present in connection with this final rule.

G. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act

The Department analyzed the final rule under the factors in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995. The Department considered
whether the rule includes a Federal mandate that may result in the expenditure by State, local, and tribal governments, in
the aggregate, or by the private sector, of $100,000,000 or more (adjusted annually for inflation) in any one year. The Department
has determined that this final rule will not result in such expenditures. Accordingly, no further assessment or analysis is
required under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act.

List of Subjects in

Administrative practice and procedure, Air transportation, Hazardous materials transportation, Investigations, Law enforcement,
Penalties.

Administrative practice and procedure, Penalties.

Administrative procedure and review, Commercial space transportation, Enforcement, Investigations, Penalties, Rules of adjudication.

Hazardous materials transportation, Navigation (water), Penalties, Radio, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Vessels,
Waterways.

Administrative practice and procedure, Maritime carriers, Mortgages, Penalties, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements,
Trusts and trustees.

Marine safety, Maritime carriers, Penalties, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Harbors, Maritime carriers, National defense, Packaging and containers.

Citizenship and naturalization, Fishing vessels, Mortgages, Penalties, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Vessels.

Administrative practices and procedure, Hazardous materials transportation, Packaging and containers, Penalties, Reporting
and recordkeeping requirements.

Administrative practice and procedure, Exports, Hazardous materials transportation, Hazardous waste, Imports, Information,
Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Administrative practice and procedure, Penalties, Pipeline safety.

Administrative practice and procedure, Hazardous materials transportation, Penalties, Railroad safety, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements.

Penalties, Railroad safety, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Bridges, Occupational safety and health, Penalties, Railroad safety, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Freight, Penalties, Railroad safety, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Locomotives, Occupational safety and health, Penalties, Railroad employees, Railroad safety, Tampering.

Alcohol abuse, Drug abuse, Drug testing, Penalties, Railroad safety, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Safety, Transportation.

Penalties, Radio, Railroad safety, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Administrative practice and procedure, Penalties, Railroad safety, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Glazing standards, Penalties, Railroad safety, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Investigations, Penalties, Railroad safety, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Hazardous materials transportation, Locomotive noise control, Occupational safety and health, Penalties, Railroad safety,
Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Penalties, Railroad employees, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Penalties, Railroad safety.

Highway safety, Penalties, Railroad safety, Reporting and recordkeeping

     requirements, State and local governments.

Penalties, Positive train control, Railroad safety, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Bridges, Penalties, Railroad safety, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Fire prevention, Passenger equipment, Penalties, Railroad safety, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Communications, Penalties, Railroad safety, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Penalties, Railroad employees, Railroad safety, Railroads, Safety, Transportation.

Administrative procedures, Commercial motor vehicle safety, Highways and roads, Motor carriers, Penalties.

Imports, Motor vehicle safety, Motor vehicles, Penalties, Rubber and rubber products, Tires.

Accordingly, the Department of Transportation amends 14 CFR chapters I, II, and III, 33 CFR chapter IV, 46 CFR chapter II,
and 49 CFR chapters I, II, III, and V as follows:

Title 14—Aeronautics and Space

PART 13—INVESTIGATIVE AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES

Regulatory Text 1. The authority citation for part 13 is revised to read as follows:

Authority:

18 U.S.C. 6002; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 5121-5124, 40113-40114, 44103-44106, 44701-44704, 44709-44710, 44713,
44725, 44742, 44802 (note), 46101-46111, 46301, 46302 (for a violation of 49 U.S.C. 46504), 46304-46316, 46318-46320, 46501-46502,
46504, 46507, 47106, 47107, 47111, 47122, 47306, 47531-47532; 49 CFR 1.83.

1. Amend § 13.301 by revising paragraphs (b) and (c) to read as follows:

§ 13.301 Inflation adjustments of civil monetary penalties.

---

(b) Each adjustment to a maximum civil monetary penalty or to minimum and maximum civil monetary penalties that establish
a civil monetary penalty range applies to actions initiated under this part for violations occurring on or after December
30, 2024, notwithstanding references to specific civil penalty amounts elsewhere in this part.

(c) Minimum and maximum civil monetary penalties are as follows:

| United States Code
citation | Civil monetary penalty description | 2024
minimumpenaltyamount | New adjusted
minimumpenaltyamountfor violationsoccurring onor afterDecember 30,2024 | 2024
maximum penaltyamount | New adjusted maximum
penalty amount forviolations occurring on orafter December 30, 2024 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 49 U.S.C. 5123(a)(1) | Violation of hazardous materials transportation law | N/A | N/A | $99,756 | $102,348. |
| 49 U.S.C. 5123(a)(2) | Violation of hazardous materials transportation law resulting in death, serious illness, severe injury, or substantial property
destruction | N/A | N/A | $232,762 | $238,809. |
| 49 U.S.C. 5123(a)(3) | Violation of hazardous materials transportation law relating to training | $601 | $617 | $99,756 | $102,348. |
| 49 U.S.C. 44704(d)(3) | Knowing presentation of a nonconforming aircraft for issuance of an initial airworthiness certificate by a production certificate
holder | N/A | N/A | $1,181,581 | $1,212, 278. |
| 49 U.S.C. 44704(e)(4) | Knowing failure by an applicant for or holder of a type certificate to submit safety critical information or include certain
such information in an airplane flight manual or flight crew operating manual | N/A | N/A | $1,181,581 | $1,212,278. |
| 49 U.S.C. 44704(e)(5) | Knowing false statement by an airline transport pilot (ATP) certificate holder with respect to the submission of certain safety
critical information | N/A | N/A | See entries for 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1) and (a)(5) | See entries for 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1) and (a)(5). |
| 49 U.S.C. 44742 | Interference by a supervisory employee of an organization designation authorization (ODA) holder that manufactures a transport
category airplane with an ODA unit member's performance of authorized functions | N/A | N/A | See entries for 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1) | See entries for 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1). |
| 49 U.S.C. 44802 note | Operation of an unmanned aircraft or unmanned aircraft system equipped or armed with a dangerous weapon | N/A | N/A | $30,417 | $31,207. |
| 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1) | Violation by a person other than an individual or small business concern under 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1)(A) or (B) | N/A | N/A | $41,577 | $75,000. |
| 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1) | Violation by an airman serving as an airman under 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1)(A) or (B) (but not covered by 46301(a)(5)(A) or (B)) | N/A | N/A | $1,828 | $1,875. |
| 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1) | Violation by an individual or small business concern under 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1)(A) or (B) (but not covered in 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(5)) | N/A | N/A | $1,828 | $1,875. |
| 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(3) | Violation of 49 U.S.C. 47107(b) (or any assurance made under such section) or 49 U.S.C. 47133 | N/A | N/A | Increase above otherwise applicable maximum amount not to exceed 3 times the amount of revenues used in violation of such
section | No change. |
| 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(5)(A) | Violation by an individual or small business concern (except an airman serving as an airman) under 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(5)(A)(i)
or (ii) | N/A | N/A | $16,630 | $17,062. |
| 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(5)(B)(i) | Violation by an individual or small business concern related to the transportation of hazardous materials | N/A | N/A | $16,630 | $17,062. |
| 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(5)(B)(ii) | Violation by an individual or small business concern related to the registration or recordation under 49 U.S.C. chapter 441,
of an aircraft not used to provide air transportation | N/A | N/A | $16,630 | $17,062. |
| 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(5)(B)(iii) | Violation by an individual or small business concern of 49 U.S.C. 44718(d), relating to limitation on construction or establishment
of landfills | N/A | N/A | $16,630 | $17,062. |
| 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(5)(B)(iv) | Violation by an individual or small business concern of 49 U.S.C. 44725, relating to the safe disposal of life-limited aircraft
parts | N/A | N/A | $16,630 | $17,062. |
| 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(8) | Violation of 49 U.S.C. 41707(a)(22), including any grant assurances made under that section | N/A | N/A | N/A | $5,000. |
| 49 U.S.C. 46301 note | Individual who aims the beam of a laser pointer at an aircraft in the airspace jurisdiction of the United States, or at the
flight path of such an aircraft | N/A | N/A | $31,819 | $32,646. |
| 49 U.S.C. 46301(b) | Tampering with a smoke alarm device | N/A | N/A | $5,339 | $5,478. |
| 49 U.S.C. 46302 | Knowingly providing false information about alleged violation involving the special aircraft jurisdiction of the United States | N/A | N/A | $28,995 | $29,748. |
| 49 U.S.C. 46318 | Physical or sexual assault or threat to physically or sexually assault crewmember or other individual on an aircraft, or action
that poses an imminent threat to the safety of the aircraft or individuals on board | N/A | N/A | $43,658 | $44,792. |
| 49 U.S.C. 46319 | Permanent closure of an airport without providing sufficient notice | N/A | N/A | $16,630 | $17,062. |
| 49 U.S.C. 46320 | Operating an unmanned aircraft and in so doing knowingly or recklessly interfering with a wildfire suppression, law enforcement,
or emergency response effort | N/A | N/A | $25,455 | $26,116. |
| 49 U.S.C. 47531 | Violation of 49 U.S.C. 47528-47530 or 47534, relating to the prohibition of operating certain aircraft not complying with
stage 3 noise levels | N/A | N/A | See entries for 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1) and (a)(5) | See entries for 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1) and (a)(5). |

PART 383—CIVIL PENALTIES

Regulatory Text 3. The authority citation for part 383 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

Sec. 701, Pub. L. 114-74, 129 Stat. 584; Sec. 503, Pub. L. 108-176, 117 Stat. 2490; Pub. L. 101-410, 104 Stat. 890; Sec.
31001, Pub. L. 104-134.

1. Section 383.2 is revised to read as follows:

§ 383.2 Amount of penalty.

Civil penalties payable to the U.S. Government for violations of Title 49, Chapters 401 through 421, pursuant to 49 U.S.C.
46301(a), are as follows:

(a) A general civil penalty of not more than $75,000 (or $1,875 for individuals or small businesses) applies to violations
of statutory provisions and rules or orders issued under those provisions, other than those listed in paragraph (b) of this
section (see 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(1)); and

(b) With respect to small businesses and individuals, notwithstanding the general civil penalty specified in paragraph (a)
of this section, the following civil penalty limits apply:

(1) A maximum civil penalty of $17,062 applies for violations of most provisions of Chapter 401, including the anti-discrimination
provisions of sections 40127 (general provision), and 41705 (discrimination against the disabled) and rules and orders issued
pursuant to those provisions (see 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(5)(A));

(2) A maximum civil penalty of $8,531 applies for violations of section 41719 and rules and orders issued pursuant to that
provision (see 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(5)(C)); and

(3) A maximum civil penalty of $4,267 applies for violations of section 41712 or consumer protection rules or orders (see 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(5)(D)).

PART 406—INVESTIGATIONS, ENFORCEMENT, AND ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW

Regulatory Text 5. The authority citation for part 406 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

51 U.S.C. 50901-50923.

1. Amend § 406.9 by revising paragraph (a) to read as follows:

§ 406.9 Civil penalties.

(a) Civil penalty liability. Under 51 U.S.C. 50917(c), a person found by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to have violated a requirement of the
Act, a regulation issued under the Act, or any term or condition of a license or permit issued or transferred under the Act,
is liable to the United States for a civil penalty of not more than $299,772 for each violation. A separate violation

  occurs for each day the violation continues.

---

Title 33—Navigation and Navigable Waters

PART 401—SEAWAY REGULATIONS AND RULES

Subpart B—Penalties—Violations of Seaway Regulations

Regulatory Text 7. The authority citation for subpart B of part 401 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

33 U.S.C. 981-990; 46 U.S.C. 70001-70004, 70011, and 70032; 49 CFR 1.101, unless otherwise noted.

1. Amend § 401.102 by revising paragraph (a) to read as follows:

§ 401.102 Civil penalty.

(a) A person, as described in § 401.101(b) who violates a regulation in this chapter is liable to a civil penalty of not more
than $117,608.

---

Title 46—Shipping

PART 221—REGULATED TRANSACTIONS INVOLVING DOCUMENTED VESSELS AND OTHER MARITIME INTERESTS

Regulatory Text 9. The authority citation for part 221 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

46 U.S.C. chs. 301, 313, and 561; Pub. L. 114-74; 49 CFR 1.93.

1. Amend § 221.61 by revising paragraph (b) to read as follows:

§ 221.61 Compliance.

---

(b) Pursuant to 46 U.S.C. 31309, a general penalty of not more than $26,212 may be assessed for each violation of chapter
313 or 46 U.S.C. subtitle III administered by the Maritime Administration, and pursuant to the regulations in this part a
person violating 46 U.S.C. 31329 is liable for a civil penalty of not more than $65,653 for each violation. A person who charters,
sells, transfers, or mortgages a vessel, or an interest therein, in violation of 46 U.S.C. 56101(e) is liable for a civil
penalty of not more than $26,380 for each violation.

PART 307—ESTABLISHMENT OF MANDATORY POSITION REPORTING SYSTEM FOR VESSELS

Regulatory Text 11. The authority citation for part 307 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

Pub. L. 109-304; 46 U.S.C. 50113; Pub. L. 114-74; 49 CFR 1.93.

1. Section 307.19 is revised to read as follows:

§ 307.19 Penalties.

The owner or operator of a vessel in the waterborne foreign commerce of the United States is subject to a penalty of $166
for each day of failure to file an AMVER report required by this part. Such penalty shall constitute a lien upon the vessel,
and such vessel may be libeled in the district court of the United States in which the vessel may be found.

PART 340—PRIORITY USE AND ALLOCATION OF SHIPPING SERVICES, CONTAINERS AND CHASSIS, AND PORT FACILITIES AND SERVICES FOR NATIONAL

SECURITY AND NATIONAL DEFENSE RELATED OPERATIONS

Regulatory Text 13. The authority citation for part 340 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

50 U.S.C. 4501 et seq. (“The Defense Production Act”); Executive Order 13603 (77 FR 16651); Executive Order 12656 (53 FR 47491); Pub. L. 114-74;
49 CFR 1.45; 49 CFR 1.93(l).

1. Section 340.9 is revised to read as follows:

§ 340.9 Compliance.

Pursuant to 50 U.S.C. 4513, any person who willfully performs any act prohibited, or willfully fails to perform any act required,
by the provisions of this part shall, upon conviction, be fined not more than $33,181 or imprisoned for not more than one
year, or both.

PART 356—REQUIREMENTS FOR VESSELS OF 100 FEET OR GREATER IN REGISTERED LENGTH TO OBTAIN A FISHERY ENDORSEMENT TO THE VESSEL'S

DOCUMENTATION

Regulatory Text 15. The authority citation for part 356 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

46 U.S.C. 12102; 46 U.S.C. 12151; 46 U.S.C. 31322; Pub. L. 105-277, division C, title II, subtitle I, section 203 (46 U.S.C.
12102 note), section 210(e), and section 213(g), 112 Stat. 2681; Pub. L. 107-20, section 2202, 115 Stat. 168-170; Pub. L.
114-74; 49 CFR 1.93.

1. Amend § 356.49 by revising paragraph (b) to read as follows:

§ 356.49 Penalties.

---

(b) A fine of up to $192,476 may be assessed against the vessel owner for each day in which such vessel has engaged in fishing
(as such term is defined in section 3 of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1802)) within
the exclusive economic zone of the United States; and

---

Title 49—Transportation

PART 107—HAZARDOUS MATERIALS PROGRAM PROCEDURES

Regulatory Text 17. The authority citation for part 107 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 5101-5128, 44701; Pub. L. 101-410 Section 4; Pub. L. 104-121 Sections 212-213; Pub. L. 104-134 Section 31001; Pub.
L. 114-74 Section 701 (28 U.S.C. 2461 note); 49 CFR 1.81 and 1.97; 33 U.S.C. 1321.

1. Revise § 107.329 to read as follows:

§ 107.329 Maximum penalties.

(a) A person who knowingly violates a requirement of the Federal hazardous material transportation law, an order issued thereunder,
this subchapter, subchapter C of this chapter, or a special permit or approval issued under this subchapter applicable to
the transportation of hazardous materials or the causing of them to be transported or shipped is liable for a civil penalty
of not more than $102,348 for each violation, except the maximum civil penalty is $238,809 if the violation results in death,
serious illness, or severe injury to any person or substantial destruction of property. There is no minimum civil penalty,
except for a minimum civil penalty of $617 for violations relating to training. When the violation is a continuing one, each
day of the violation constitutes a separate offense.

(b) A person who knowingly violates a requirement of the Federal hazardous material transportation law, an order issued thereunder,
this subchapter, subchapter C of this chapter, or a special permit or approval issued under this subchapter applicable to
the design, manufacture, fabrication, inspection, marking, maintenance, reconditioning, repair or testing of a package, container,
or packaging component which is represented, marked, certified, or sold by that person as qualified for use in the transportation
of hazardous materials in commerce is liable for a civil penalty of not more than $102,348 for each violation, except the
maximum civil penalty is $238,809 if the violation results in death, serious illness, or severe injury to any person or substantial
destruction of property. There is no minimum civil penalty, except for a minimum civil penalty of $617 for violations relating
to training.

Appendix A to Subpart D of Part 107 [Amended]

Regulatory Text 19. Amend appendix A to subpart D of part 107, under section B, Penalty Increases for Multiple Counts, in the

     second paragraph, by removing “$99,756 or $232,762” and “January 6, 2023” and adding in their places “$102,348 or $238,809”
     and “December 30, 2024,” respectively.

PART 171—GENERAL INFORMATION, REGULATIONS, AND DEFINITIONS

Regulatory Text 20. The authority citation for part 171 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 5101-5128, 44701; Pub. L. 101-410 section 4; Pub. L. 104-134, section 31001; Pub. L. 114-74 section 4 (28 U.S.C.
2461 note); 49 CFR 1.81 and 1.97.

1. Amend § 171.1 by revising paragraph (g) to read as follows:

§ 171.1 Applicability of Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR) to persons and functions.

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(g) Penalties for noncompliance. Each person who knowingly violates a requirement of the Federal hazardous material transportation law, an order issued under
Federal hazardous material transportation law, subchapter A of this chapter, or a special permit or approval issued under
subchapter A or C of this chapter is liable for a civil penalty of not more than $102,348 for each violation, except the maximum
civil penalty is $238,809 if the violation results in death, serious illness, or severe injury to any person or substantial
destruction of property. There is no minimum civil penalty, except for a minimum civil penalty of $617 for a violation relating
to training.

PART 190—PIPELINE SAFETY ENFORCEMENT AND REGULATORY PROCEDURES

Regulatory Text 22. The authority citation for part 190 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

33 U.S.C. 1321(b); 49 U.S.C. 60101 et seq.

1. Amend § 190.223 by revising paragraphs (a), (c), and (d) to read as follows:

§ 190.223 Maximum penalties.

(a) Any person found to have violated a provision of 49 U.S.C. 60101, et seq., or any regulation in 49 CFR parts 190 through 199, or order issued pursuant to 49 U.S.C. 60101, et seq. or 49 CFR part 190, is subject to an administrative civil penalty not to exceed $272,926 for each violation for each day the
violation continues, with a maximum administrative civil penalty not to exceed $2,729,245 for any related series of violations.

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(c) Any person found to have violated any standard or order under 49 U.S.C. 60103 is subject to an administrative civil penalty
not to exceed $99,704, which may be in addition to other penalties to which such person may be subject under paragraph (a)
of this section.

(d) Any person who is determined to have violated any standard or order under 49 U.S.C. 60129 is subject to an administrative
civil penalty not to exceed $1,584, which may be in addition to other penalties to which such person may be subject under
paragraph (a) of this section.

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PART 209—RAILROAD SAFETY ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES

Regulatory Text 24. The authority citation for part 209 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 5123, 5124, 20103, 20107, 20111, 20112, 20114; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

1. Amend § 209.103 by revising paragraphs (a) and (c) to read as follows:

§ 209.103 Minimum and maximum penalties.

(a) A person who knowingly violates a requirement of the Federal hazardous materials transportation laws, an order issued
thereunder, 49 CFR subchapter A or C of chapter I, subtitle B, or a special permit or approval issued under subchapter A or
C of chapter I, subtitle B, of this title is liable for a civil penalty of not more than $102,348 for each violation, except
that—

(1) The maximum civil penalty for a violation is $238,809 if the violation results in death, serious illness, or severe injury
to any person, or substantial destruction of property; and

(2) A minimum $617 civil penalty applies to a violation related to training.

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(c) The maximum and minimum civil penalties described in paragraph (a) of this section apply to violations occurring on or
after December 30, 2024.

1. Amend § 209.105 by revising the last sentence of paragraph (c) to read as follows:

§ 209.105 Notice of probable violation.

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(c) * * * In an amended notice, FRA may change the civil penalty amount proposed to be assessed up to and including the maximum
penalty amount of $102,348 for each violation, except that if the violation results in death, serious illness or severe injury
to any person, or substantial destruction of property, FRA may change the penalty amount proposed to be assessed up to and
including the maximum penalty amount of $238,809.

§ 209.409 [Amended] Regulatory Text 27. Amend § 209.409 as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

1. Amend appendix A to part 209 in the section “Penalty Schedules; Assessment of Maximum Penalties” as follows:

a. Add a sentence at the end of the sixth paragraph;

b. Revise the fourth sentence in the seventh paragraph; and

c. Revise the first sentence of the tenth paragraph.

The addition and revisions read as follows:

Appendix A to Part 209—Statement of Agency Policy Concerning Enforcement of the Federal Railroad Safety Laws

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Penalty Schedules; Assessment of Maximum Penalties

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• • * Effective December 30, 2024, the minimum civil monetary penalty was raised from $1,086 to $1,114, the ordinary maximum civil monetary penalty was raised from $35,516 to $36,439, and the aggravated maximum civil monetary penalty was raised from $142,063 to $145,754.
• • * For each regulation in this part or order, the schedule shows two amounts within the $1,114 to $36,439 range in separate columns, the first for ordinary violations, the second for willful violations (whether committed by railroads or individuals). * * *

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Accordingly, under each of the schedules (ordinarily in a footnote), and regardless of the fact that a lesser amount might
be shown in both columns of the schedule, FRA reserves the right to assess the statutory maximum penalty of up to $145,754
per violation where a pattern of repeated violations or a grossly negligent violation has created an imminent hazard of death
or injury or has caused death or injury. * * *

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Appendix B to Part 209 [Amended]

Regulatory Text 29. Amend appendix B to part 209 as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$99,756” everywhere it appears and add in its place “$102,348”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$232,762” everywhere it appears and add in its place “$238,809”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$601” and add in its place “$617” in the first paragraph.

PART 213—TRACK SAFETY STANDARDS

Regulatory Text 30. The authority citation for part 213 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20102-20114 and 20142; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 213.15 [Amended] Regulatory Text 31. Amend § 213.15 in paragraph (a) as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 214—RAILROAD WORKPLACE SAFETY

Regulatory Text 32. The authority citation for part 214 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20102-20103, 20107, 21301-21302, 31304; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 214.5 [Amended] Regulatory Text 33. Amend § 214.5 as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 215—RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS

Regulatory Text 34. The authority citation for part 215 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20103, 20107; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 215.7 [Amended] Regulatory Text 35. Amend § 215.7 as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 216—SPECIAL NOTICE AND EMERGENCY ORDER PROCEDURES: RAILROAD TRACK, LOCOMOTIVE AND EQUIPMENT

Regulatory Text 36. The authority citation for part 216 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20102-20104, 20107, 20111, 20133, 20701-20702, 21301-21302, 21304; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 216.7 [Amended] Regulatory Text 37. Amend § 216.7 as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 217—RAILROAD OPERATING RULES

Regulatory Text 37. The authority citation for part 217 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20103, 20107; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 217.5 [Amended] Regulatory Text 38. Amend § 217.5 as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 218—RAILROAD OPERATING PRACTICES

Regulatory Text 39. The authority citation for part 218 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20103, 20107, 20131, 20138, 20144, 20168; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 218.9 [Amended] Regulatory Text 40. Amend § 218.9 as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 219—CONTROL OF ALCOHOL AND DRUG USE

Regulatory Text 41. The authority citation for part 219 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20103, 20107, 20140, 21301, 21304, 21311; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; Div. A, Sec. 412, Pub. L. 110-432, 122 Stat. 4889
(49 U.S.C. 20140 note); Sec. 8102, Pub. L. 115-271, 132 Stat. 3894; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 219.10 [Amended] Regulatory Text 42. Amend § 219.10 as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 220—RAILROAD COMMUNICATIONS

Regulatory Text 43. The authority citation for part 220 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20102-20103, 20103, note, 20107, 21301-21302, 20701-20703, 21304, 21311; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 220.7 [Amended]

1. Amend § 220.7 as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 221—REAR END MARKING DEVICE—PASSENGER, COMMUTER AND FREIGHT TRAINS

Regulatory Text 45. The authority citation for part 221 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20103, 20107; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 221.7 [Amended] Regulatory Text 46. Amend § 221.7 as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 222—USE OF LOCOMOTIVE HORNS AT PUBLIC HIGHWAY-RAIL GRADE CROSSINGS

Regulatory Text 47. The authority citation for part 222 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20103, 20107, 20153, 21301, 21304; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 222.11 [Amended] Regulatory Text 48. Amend § 222.11 as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 223—SAFETY GLAZING STANDARDS—LOCOMOTIVES, PASSENGER CARS AND CABOOSES

Regulatory Text 49. The authority citation for part 223 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20102-20103, 20133, 20701-20702, 21301-21302, 21304; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 223.7 [Amended] Regulatory Text 50. Amend § 223.7 as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 224—REFLECTORIZATION OF RAIL FREIGHT ROLLING STOCK

Regulatory Text 51. The authority citation for part 224 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20103, 20107, 20148 and 21301; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 224.11 [Amended] Regulatory Text 52. Amend § 224.11 in paragraph (a) as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 225—RAILROAD ACCIDENTS/INCIDENTS: REPORTS CLASSIFICATION, AND INVESTIGATIONS

Regulatory Text 53. The authority citation for part 225 is continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 103, 322(a), 20103, 20107, 20901-20902, 21301, 21302, 21311; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 225.29 [Amended] Regulatory Text 54. Amend § 225.29 as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 227—OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH IN THE LOCOMOTIVE CAB

Regulatory Text 55. The authority citation for part 227 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20103, 20103 note, 20166, 20701-20703, 21301, 21302, 21304; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 227.9 [Amended] Regulatory Text 56. Amend § 227.9 in paragraph (a) as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 228—PASSENGER TRAIN EMPLOYEE HOURS OF SERVICE; RECORDKEEPING AND REPORTING; SLEEPING QUARTERS

Regulatory Text 57. The authority citation for part 228 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 103, 20103, 20107, 21101-21109; 49 U.S.C. 21301, 21303, 21304, 21311; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 228.6 [Amended] Regulatory Text 58. Amend § 228.6 in paragraph (a) as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

1. Amend appendix A to part 228, under the heading “General Provisions,” in the “Penalty” paragraph by adding a sentence at the end of the first paragraph to read as follows:

Appendix A to Part 228—Requirements of the Hours of Service Act: Statement of Agency Policy and Interpretation

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General Provisions

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Penalty. * * * Effective December 30, 2024, the minimum civil monetary penalty was raised from $1,086 to $1,114, the ordinary maximum
civil monetary penalty was raised from $35,516 to $36,439, and the aggravated maximum civil monetary penalty was raised from
$142,063 to $145,754.

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PART 229—RAILROAD LOCOMOTIVE SAFETY STANDARDS

Regulatory Text 60. The authority citation for part 229 is revised to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20103, 20107, 20133, 20137-38, 20143, 20168, 20701-03, 21301-02, 21304; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 229.7 [Amended] Regulatory Text 61. Amend § 229.7 in paragraph (b) as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516 and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 230—STEAM LOCOMOTIVE INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE STANDARDS

Regulatory Text 62. The authority citation for part 230 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20103, 20107, 20702; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 230.4 [Amended] Regulatory Text 63. Amend § 230.4 in paragraph (a) as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 231—RAILROAD SAFETY APPLIANCE STANDARDS

Regulatory Text 64. The authority citation for part 231 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20102-20103, 20107, 20131, 20301-20303, 21301-21302, 21304; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 231.0 [Amended] Regulatory Text 65. Amend § 231.0 in paragraph (f) as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 233—SIGNAL SYSTEMS REPORTING REQUIREMENTS

Regulatory Text 66. The authority citation for part 233 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 504, 522, 20103, 20107, 20501-20505, 21301, 21302, 21311; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 233.11 [Amended] Regulatory Text 67. Amend § 233.11 as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 234—GRADE CROSSING SAFETY

Regulatory Text 68. The authority citation for part 234 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20103, 20107, 20152, 20160, 21301, 21304, 21311, 22907 note; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 234.6 [Amended] Regulatory Text 69. Amend § 234.6 in paragraph (a) as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 235—INSTRUCTIONS GOVERNING APPLICATIONS FOR APPROVAL OF A DISCONTINUANCE OR MATERIAL MODIFICATION OF A SIGNAL SYSTEM

OR RELIEF FROM THE REQUIREMENTS OF PART 236

Regulatory Text 70. The authority citation for part 235 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20103, 20107; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 235.9 [Amended] Regulatory Text 71. Amend § 235.9 as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 236—RULES, STANDARDS, AND INSTRUCTIONS GOVERNING THE INSTALLATION, INSPECTION, MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR OF SIGNAL AND

TRAIN CONTROL SYSTEMS, DEVICES, AND APPLIANCES

Regulatory Text 72. The authority citation for part 236 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20102-20103, 20107, 20133, 20141, 20157, 20301-20303, 20306, 20501-20505, 20701-20703, 21301-21302, 21304; 28 U.S.C.
2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 236.0 [Amended] Regulatory Text 73. Amend § 236.0 in paragraph (f) as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 237—BRIDGE SAFETY STANDARDS

Regulatory Text 74. The authority citation for part 237 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20102-20114; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; Div. A, Sec. 417, Pub. L. 110-432, 122 Stat. 4848; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 237.7 [Amended] Regulatory Text 75. Amend § 237.7 in paragraph (a) as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 238—PASSENGER EQUIPMENT SAFETY STANDARDS

Regulatory Text 76. The authority citation for part 238 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20103, 20107, 20133, 20141, 20302-20303, 20306, 20701-20702, 21301-21302, 21304; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR
1.89.

§ 238.11 [Amended] Regulatory Text 77. Amend § 238.11 in paragraph (a) as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 239—PASSENGER TRAIN EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS

Regulatory Text 78. The authority citation for part 239 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20102-20103, 20105-20114, 20133, 21301, 21304, and 21311; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 239.11 [Amended] Regulatory Text 79. Amend § 239.11 as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 240—QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF LOCOMOTIVE ENGINEERS

Regulatory Text 80. The authority citation for part 240 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20103, 20107, 20135, 21301, 21304, 21311; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 240.11 [Amended] Regulatory Text 81. Amend § 240.11 in paragraph (a) as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 241—UNITED STATES LOCATIONAL REQUIREMENT FOR DISPATCHING OF UNITED STATES RAIL OPERATIONS

Regulatory Text 82. The authority citation for part 241 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20103, 20107, 21301, 21304, 21311; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 241.15 [Amended] Regulatory Text 83. Amend § 241.15 in paragraph (a) as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 242—QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF CONDUCTORS

Regulatory Text 84. The authority citation for part 242 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20103, 20107, 20135, 20138, 20162, 20163, 21301, 21304, 21311; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 242.11 [Amended] Regulatory Text 85. Amend § 242.11 in paragraph (a) as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 243—TRAINING, QUALIFICATION, AND OVERSIGHT FOR SAFETY-RELATED RAILROAD EMPLOYEES

Regulatory Text 86. The authority citation for part 243 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20103, 20107, 20131-20155, 20162, 20301-20306, 20701-20702, 21301-21304, 21311; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR
1.89.

§ 243.7 [Amended] Regulatory Text 87. Amend § 243.7 in paragraph (a) as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 244—REGULATIONS ON SAFETY INTEGRATION PLANS GOVERNING RAILROAD CONSOLIDATIONS, MERGERS, AND ACQUISITIONS OF CONTROL

Regulatory Text 88. The authority citation for part 244 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20103, 20107, 21301; 5 U.S.C. 553 and 559; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 244.5 [Amended] Regulatory Text 89. Amend § 244.5 in paragraph (a) as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 272—CRITICAL INCIDENT STRESS PLANS

Regulatory Text 90. The authority citation for part 272 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

49 U.S.C. 20103, 20107, 20109 note; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 1.89.

§ 272.11 [Amended] Regulatory Text 91. Amend § 272.11 in paragraph (a) as follows:

a. Remove the dollar amount “$1,086” and add in its place “$1,114”;

b. Remove the dollar amount “$35,516” and add in its place “$36,439”; and

c. Remove the dollar amount “$142,063” and add in its place “$145,754”.

PART 386—RULES OF PRACTICE FOR FMCSA PROCEEDINGS

Regulatory Text 92. The authority citation for part 386 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

28 U.S.C. 2461 note; 49 U.S.C. 113, 1301 note, 31306a; 49 U.S.C. chapters 5, 51, 131-141, 145-149, 311, 313, and 315; and
49 CFR 1.81, 1.87.

1. Amend appendix A to part 386 by revising section II and section IV.a. through e. and g. through j. to read as follows:

Appendix A to Part 386—Penalty Schedule: Violations of Notices and Orders

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II. Subpoena

Violation—Failure to respond to Agency subpoena to appear and testify or produce records.

Penalty—minimum of $1,365 but not more than $13,676 per violation.

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IV. Out-of-Service Order

a. Violation—Operation of a commercial vehicle by a driver during the period the driver was placed out of service.

Penalty—Up to $2,364 per violation.

(For purposes of this violation, the term “driver” means an operator of a commercial motor vehicle, including an independent
contractor who, while in the course of operating a commercial motor vehicle, is employed or used by another person.)

b. Violation—Requiring or permitting a driver to operate a commercial vehicle during the period the driver was placed out
of service.

Penalty—Up to $23,647 per violation.

(This violation applies to motor carriers including an independent contractor who is not a “driver,” as defined under paragraph
IV(a) above.)

c. Violation—Operation of a commercial motor vehicle or intermodal equipment by a driver after the vehicle or intermodal equipment
was placed out-of-service and before the required repairs are made.

Penalty—$2,364 each time the vehicle or intermodal equipment is so operated. (This violation applies to drivers as defined
in IV(a) above.)

d. Violation—Requiring or permitting the operation of a commercial motor vehicle or intermodal equipment placed out-of-service
before the required repairs are made.

Penalty—Up to $23,647 each time the vehicle or intermodal equipment is so operated after notice of the defect is received.

(This violation applies to intermodal equipment providers and motor carriers, including an independent owner operator who
is not a “driver,” as defined in IV(a) above.)

e. Violation—Failure to return written certification of correction as required by the out- of-service order.

Penalty—Up to $1,182 per violation.

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g. Violation—Operating in violation of an order issued under § 386.72(b) to cease all or part of the employer's commercial
motor vehicle operations or to cease part of an intermodal equipment provider's operations, i.e., failure to cease operations as ordered.

Penalty—Up to $34,116 per day the operation continues after the effective date and time of the order to cease.

h. Violation—Operating in violation of an order issued under § 386.73.

Penalty—Up to $29,980 per day the operation continues after the effective date and time of the out-of-service order.

i. Violation—Conducting operations during a period of suspension under § 386.83 or § 386.84 for failure to pay penalties.

Penalty—Up to $19,246 for each day that operations are conducted during the suspension or revocation period.

j. Violation—Conducting operations during a period of suspension or revocation under § 385.911, § 385.913, § 385.1009, or
§ 385.1011 of this subchapter.

Penalty—Up to $29,980 for each day that operations are conducted during the suspension or revocation period.

1. Amend appendix B to part 386 by revising paragraphs (a)(1) through (5), (b), (d) through (f), (g)(1) through (8), (10) through (14), and (16) through (18), (g)(21)(i), (g)(22) and (23), (h), and (i) to read as follows:

Appendix B to Part 386—Penalty Schedule: Violations and Monetary Penalties

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What are the types of violations and maximum monetary penalties?

(a) * * *

(1) Recordkeeping. A person or entity that fails to prepare or maintain a record required by part 40 of this title and parts 382, subpart A,
B, C, D, E, or F, 385, and 390 through 399 of this subchapter, or prepares or maintains a required record that is incomplete,
inaccurate, or false, is subject to a maximum civil penalty of $1,584 for each day the violation continues, up to $15,846.

(2) Knowing falsification of records. A person or entity that knowingly falsifies, destroys, mutilates, or changes a report or record required by parts 382, subpart
A, B, C, D, E, or F, 385, and 390 through 399 of this subchapter, knowingly makes or causes to be made a false or incomplete
record about an operation or business fact or transaction, or knowingly makes, prepares, or preserves a record in violation
of a regulation order of the Secretary is subject to a maximum civil penalty of $15,846 if such action misrepresents a fact
that constitutes a violation other than a reporting or recordkeeping violation.

(3) Non-recordkeeping violations. A person or entity that violates part 382, subpart A, B, C, D, E, or F, part 385, or parts 390 through 399 of this subchapter,
except a recordkeeping requirement, is subject to a civil penalty not to exceed $19,246 for each violation.

(4) Non-recordkeeping violations by drivers. A driver who violates parts 382, subpart A, B, C, D, E, or F, 385, and 390 through 399 of this subchapter, except a recordkeeping
violation, is subject to a civil penalty not to exceed $4,812.

(5) Violation of 49 CFR 392.5. A driver placed out of service for 24 hours for violating the alcohol prohibitions of 49 CFR 392.5(a) or (b) who drives during
that period is subject to a civil penalty not to exceed $3,961 for a first conviction and not less than $7,924 for a second
or subsequent conviction.

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(b) Commercial driver's license (CDL) violations. Any employer, employee, medical review officer, or service agent who violates any provision of 49 CFR part 382, subpart G,
or any person who violates 49 CFR part 383, subpart B, C, E, F, G, or H, is subject to a civil penalty not to exceed $7,155;
except:

(1) A CDL-holder who is convicted of violating an out-of-service order shall be subject to a civil penalty of not less than
$3,961 for a first conviction and not less than $7,924 for a second or subsequent conviction;

(2) An employer of a CDL-holder who knowingly allows, requires, permits, or authorizes an employee to operate a CMV during
any period in which the CDL-holder is subject to an out-of-service order, is subject to a civil penalty of not less than $7,155
or more than $39,615; and

(3) An employer of a CDL-holder who knowingly allows, requires, permits, or authorizes that CDL-holder to operate a CMV in
violation of a Federal, State, or local law or regulation pertaining to railroad-highway grade crossings is subject to a civil
penalty of not more than $20,537.

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(d) Financial responsibility violations. A motor carrier that fails to maintain the levels of financial responsibility prescribed by part 387 of this subchapter or
any person (except an employee who acts without knowledge) who knowingly violates the rules of part 387, subparts A and B,
is subject to a maximum penalty of $21,114. Each day of a continuing violation constitutes a separate offense.

(e) Violations of the Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMRs) and safety permitting regulations found in subpart E of part 385
of this subchapter. This paragraph (e) applies to violations by motor carriers, drivers, shippers and other persons who transport hazardous materials
on the highway in commercial motor vehicles or cause hazardous materials to be so transported.

(1) All knowing violations of 49 U.S.C. chapter 51 or orders or regulations issued under the authority of that chapter applicable
to the transportation or shipment of hazardous materials by commercial motor vehicle on the highways are subject to a civil
penalty of not more than $102,348 for each violation. Each day of a continuing violation constitutes a separate offense.

(2) All knowing violations of 49 U.S.C. chapter 51 or orders or regulations issued under the authority of that chapter applicable
to training related to the transportation or shipment of hazardous materials by commercial motor vehicle on the highways are
subject to a civil penalty of not less than $617 and not more than $102,348 for each violation.

(3) All knowing violations of 49 U.S.C. chapter 51 or orders, regulations, or exemptions under the authority of that chapter
applicable to the manufacture, fabrication, marking, maintenance, reconditioning, repair, or testing of a packaging or container
that is represented, marked, certified, or sold as being qualified for use in the transportation or shipment of hazardous
materials by commercial motor vehicle on the highways are subject to a civil penalty of not more than $102,348 for each violation.

(4) Whenever regulations issued under the authority of 49 U.S.C. chapter 51 require compliance with the FMCSRs while transporting
hazardous materials, any violations of the FMCSRs will be considered a violation of the HMRs and subject to a civil penalty
of not more than $102,348.

(5) If any violation subject to the civil penalties set out in paragraphs (e)(1) through (4) of this appendix results in death,
serious illness, or severe injury to any person or in substantial destruction of property, the civil penalty may be increased
to not more than $238,809 for each offense.

(f) Operating after being declared unfit by assignment of a final “unsatisfactory” safety rating. (1) A motor carrier operating a commercial motor vehicle in interstate commerce (except owners or operators of commercial
motor vehicles designed or used to transport hazardous materials for which placarding of a motor vehicle is required under
regulations prescribed under 49 U.S.C. chapter 51) is subject, after being placed out of service because of receiving a final
“unsatisfactory” safety rating, to a civil penalty of not more than $34,116 (49 CFR 385.13). Each day the transportation continues
in violation of a final “unsatisfactory” safety rating constitutes a separate offense.

(2) A motor carrier operating a commercial motor vehicle designed or used to transport hazardous materials for which placarding
of a motor vehicle is required under regulations prescribed under 49 U.S.C. chapter 51 is subject, after being placed out
of service because of receiving a final “unsatisfactory” safety rating, to a civil penalty of not more than $102,348 for each
offense. If the violation results in death, serious illness, or severe injury to any person or in substantial destruction
of property, the civil penalty may be increased to not more than $238,809 for each offense. Each day the transportation continues
in violation of a final “unsatisfactory” safety rating constitutes a separate offense.

(g) * * *

(1) A person who operates as a motor carrier for the transportation of property in violation of the registration requirements
of 49 U.S.C. 13901 is liable for a minimum penalty of $13,676 per violation.

(2) A person who knowingly operates as a broker in violation of registration requirements of 49 U.S.C 13904 or financial security
requirements of 49 U.S.C 13906 is liable for a penalty not to exceed $13,676 for each violation.

(3) A person who operates as a motor carrier of passengers in violation of the registration requirements of 49 U.S.C. 13901
is liable for a minimum penalty of $34,116 per violation.

(4) A person who operates as a foreign motor carrier or foreign motor private carrier of property in violation of the provisions
of 49 U.S.C. 13902(c) is liable for a minimum penalty of $13,676 per violation.

(5) A person who operates as a foreign motor carrier or foreign motor private carrier without authority, outside the boundaries
of a commercial zone along the United States- Mexico border, is liable for a maximum penalty of $18,766 for an intentional
violation and a maximum penalty of $46,918 for a pattern of intentional violations.

(6) A person who operates as a motor carrier or broker for the transportation of hazardous wastes in violation of the registration
provisions of 49 U.S.C. 13901 is liable for a minimum penalty of $27,293 and a maximum penalty of $54,585 per violation.

(7) A motor carrier or freight forwarder of household goods, or their receiver or trustee, that does not comply with any regulation
relating to the protection of individual shippers, is liable for a minimum penalty of $2,052 per violation.

(8) A person as described under paragraph (i) or (ii) is liable for a minimum penalty of $4,109 for the first violation and
$10,269 for each subsequent violation—

(i) Who falsifies, or authorizes an agent or other person to falsify, documents used in the transportation of household goods
by motor carrier or freight forwarder to evidence the weight of a shipment; or

(ii) Who charges for services which are not performed or are not reasonably necessary in the safe and adequate movement of
the shipment.

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(10) A person who offers, gives, solicits, or receives transportation of property by a carrier at a different rate than the
rate in effect under 49 U.S.C. 13702 is liable for a maximum penalty of $205,375 per violation. When acting in the scope of
his/her employment, the acts or omissions of a person acting for or employed by a carrier or shipper are considered the acts
or omissions of that carrier or shipper, as well as of that person.

(11) Any person who offers, gives, solicits, or receives a rebate or concession related to motor carrier transportation subject
to jurisdiction under subchapter I of 49 U.S.C. chapter 135, or who assists or permits another person to get that transportation
at less than the rate in effect under 49 U.S.C. 13702, commits a violation for which the penalty is $410 for the first violation
and $513 for each subsequent violation.

(12) A freight forwarder, its officer, agent, or employee, that assists or willingly permits a person to get service under
49 U.S.C. 13531 at less than the rate in effect under 49 U.S.C. 13702 commits a violation for which the penalty is up to $1,028
for the first violation and up to $4,109 for each subsequent violation.

(13) A person who gets or attempts to get service from a freight forwarder under 49 U.S.C. 13531 at less than the rate in
effect under 49 U.S.C. 13702 commits a violation for which the penalty is up to $1,028 for the first violation and up to $4,109
for each subsequent violation.

(14) A person who knowingly authorizes, consents to, or permits a violation of 49 U.S.C. 14103 relating to loading and unloading
motor vehicles or who knowingly violates subsection (a) of 49 U.S.C. 14103 is liable for a penalty of not more than $20,537
per violation.

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(16) A person required to make a report to the Secretary, answer a question, or make, prepare, or preserve a record under
part B of subtitle IV, title 49, U.S.C., or an officer, agent, or employee of that person, is liable for a minimum penalty
of $1,365 and for a maximum penalty of $10,269 per violation if it does not make the report, does not completely and truthfully
answer the question within 30 days from the date the Secretary requires the answer, does not make or preserve the record in
the form and manner prescribed, falsifies, destroys, or changes the report or record, files a false report or record, makes
a false or incomplete entry in the record about a business-related fact, or prepares or preserves a record in violation of
a regulation or order of the Secretary.

(17) A motor carrier, water carrier, freight forwarder, or broker, or their officer, receiver, trustee, lessee, employee,
or other person authorized to receive information from them, who discloses information identified in 49

  U.S.C. 14908 without the permission of the shipper or consignee is liable for a maximum penalty of $4,109.

(18) A person who violates a provision of part B, subtitle IV, title 49, U.S.C., or a regulation or order under part B, or
who violates a condition of registration related to transportation that is subject to jurisdiction under subchapter I or III
of chapter 135, or who violates a condition of registration of a foreign motor carrier or foreign motor private carrier under
section 13902, is liable for a penalty of $1,028 for each violation if another penalty is not provided in 49 U.S.C. chapter
149.

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(21) * * *

(i) Who knowingly and willfully fails, in violation of a contract, to deliver to, or unload at, the destination of a shipment
of household goods in interstate commerce for which charges have been estimated by the motor carrier transporting such goods,
and for which the shipper has tendered a payment in accordance with part 375, subpart G, of this subchapter, is liable for
a civil penalty of not less than $20,537 for each violation. Each day of a continuing violation constitutes a separate offense.

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(22) A broker for transportation of household goods who makes an estimate of the cost of transporting any such goods before
entering into an agreement with a motor carrier to provide transportation of household goods subject to FMCSA jurisdiction
is liable to the United States for a civil penalty of not less than $15,846 for each violation.

(23) A person who provides transportation of household goods subject to jurisdiction under 49 U.S.C. chapter 135, subchapter
I, or provides broker services for such transportation, without being registered under 49 U.S.C. chapter 139 to provide such
transportation or services as a motor carrier or broker, as the case may be, is liable to the United States for a civil penalty
of not less than $39,615 for each violation.

(h) Copying of records and access to equipment, lands, and buildings. A person subject to 49 U.S.C. chapter 51 or a motor carrier, broker, freight forwarder, or owner or operator of a commercial
motor vehicle subject to part B of subtitle VI of title 49 U.S.C. who fails to allow promptly, upon demand in person or in
writing, the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, an employee designated by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration,
or an employee of a MCSAP grant recipient to inspect and copy any record or inspect and examine equipment, lands, buildings,
and other property, in accordance with 49 U.S.C. 504(c), 5121(c), and 14122(b), is subject to a civil penalty of not more
than $1,584 for each offense. Each day of a continuing violation constitutes a separate offense, except that the total of
all civil penalties against any violator for all offenses related to a single violation shall not exceed $15,846.

(i) Evasion. A person, or an officer, employee, or agent of that person:

(1) Who by any means tries to evade regulation of motor carriers under title 49, United States Code, chapter 5, chapter 51,
subchapter III of chapter 311 (except sections 31138 and 31139) or section 31302, 31303, 31304, 31305(b), 31310(g)(1)(A),
or 31502, or a regulation in subtitle B, chapter I, subchapter C of this title, or this subchapter, issued under any of those
provisions, shall be fined at least $2,730 but not more than $6,823 for the first violation and at least $3,409 but not more
than $10,224 for a subsequent violation.

(2) Who tries to evade regulation under part B of subtitle IV, title 49, U.S.C., for carriers or brokers is liable for a penalty
of at least $2,730 for the first violation or at least $6,823 for a subsequent violation.

PART 578—CIVIL AND CRIMINAL PENALTIES

Regulatory Text 95. The authority citation for part 578 continues to read as follows:

Authority:

Pub. L. 92-513, Pub. L. 94-163, Pub. L. 98-547, Pub. L. 101-410, Pub. L. 102-388, Pub. L. 102-519, Pub. L. 104-134, Pub.
L. 109-59, Pub. L. 110-140, Pub. L. 112-141, Pub. L. 114-74, Pub. L. 114-94 (49 U.S.C. 30165, 30170, 30505, 32308, 32309,
32507, 32709, 32710, 32902, 32912, 33114, and 33115); delegation of authority at 49 CFR 1.81, 1.95.

1. Amend § 578.6 by revising paragraphs (a)(1), (a)(2)(i)(B), (a)(3) and (4), (b) through (g), (h)(1), (h)(2) introductory text, (h)(3), and (i) to read as follows:

§ 578.6 Civil penalties for violations of specified provisions of Title 49 of the United States Code.

(a) * * *

(1) In general. A person who violates any of sections 30112, 30115, 30117 through 30122, 30123(a), 30125(c), 30127, or 30141 through 30147
of Title 49 of the United States Code or a regulation in this chapter prescribed under any of those sections is liable to
the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than $27,874 for each violation. A separate violation occurs
for each motor vehicle or item of motor vehicle equipment and for each failure or refusal to allow or perform an act required
by any of those sections. The maximum civil penalty under this paragraph (a)(1) for a related series of violations is $139,356,994.

(2) * * *

(i) * * *

(B) Violates section 30112(a)(2) of Title 49 United States Code, shall be subject to a civil penalty of not more than $15,846
for each violation. A separate violation occurs for each motor vehicle or item of motor vehicle equipment and for each failure
or refusal to allow or perform an act required by this section. The maximum penalty under this paragraph (a)(2)(i)(B) for
a related series of violations is $23,769,723.

(3) Section 30166. A person who violates Section 30166 of Title 49 of the United States Code or a regulation in this chapter prescribed under
that section is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty for failing or refusing to allow or perform an
act required under that section or regulation. The maximum penalty under this paragraph (a)(3) is $27,874 per violation per
day. The maximum penalty under this paragraph (a)(3) for a related series of daily violations is $139,356,994.

(4) False and misleading reports. A person who knowingly and willfully submits materially false or misleading information to the Secretary, after certifying
the same information as accurate under the certification process established pursuant to Section 30166(o) of Title 49 of the
United States Code, shall be subject to a civil penalty of not more than $6,823 per day. The maximum penalty under this paragraph
(a)(4) for a related series of daily violations is $1,364,624.

(b) National Automobile Title Information System. An individual or entity violating 49 U.S.C. Chapter 305 is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not
more than $2,224 for each violation.

(c) Bumper standards. (1) A person that violates 49 U.S.C. 32506(a) is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than
$3,650 for each violation. A separate violation occurs for each passenger motor vehicle or item of passenger motor vehicle
equipment involved in a violation of 49 U.S.C. 32506(a)(1) or (4)—

(i) That does not comply with a standard prescribed under 49 U.S.C. 32502; or

(ii) For which a certificate is not provided, or for which a false or misleading certificate is provided, under 49 U.S.C.
32504.

(2) The maximum civil penalty under this paragraph (c) for a related series of violations is $4,064,690.

(d) Consumer information —(1) Crash-worthiness and damage susceptibility. A person who violates 49 U.S.C. 32308(a), regarding crashworthiness and damage susceptibility, is liable to the United States
Government for a civil penalty of not more than $3,650 for each violation. Each failure to provide information or comply with
a regulation in violation of 49 U.S.C. 32308(a) is a separate violation. The maximum penalty under this paragraph (d)(1) for
a related series of violations is $1,990,815.

(2) Consumer tire information. Any person who fails to comply with the national tire fuel efficiency program under 49 U.S.C. 32304A is liable to the

  United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than $75,541 for each violation.

(e) Country of origin content labeling. A manufacturer of a passenger motor vehicle distributed in commerce for sale in the United States that willfully fails to
attach the label required under 49 U.S.C. 32304 to a new passenger motor vehicle that the manufacturer manufactures or imports,
or a dealer that fails to maintain that label as required under 49 U.S.C. 32304, is liable to the United States Government
for a civil penalty of not more than $2,224 for each violation. Each failure to attach or maintain that label for each vehicle
is a separate violation.

(f) Odometer tampering and disclosure. (1) A person that violates 49 U.S.C. Chapter 327 or a regulation in this chapter prescribed or order issued thereunder is
liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than $13,676 for each violation. A separate violation
occurs for each motor vehicle or device involved in the violation. The maximum civil penalty under this paragraph (f)(1) for
a related series of violations is $1,364,624.

(2) A person that violates 49 U.S.C. Chapter 327 or a regulation in this chapter prescribed or order issued thereunder, with
intent to defraud, is liable for three times the actual damages or $13,676, whichever is greater.

(g) Vehicle theft protection. (1) A person that violates 49 U.S.C. 33114(a)(1)-(4) is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not
more than $2,998 for each violation. The failure of more than one part of a single motor vehicle to conform to an applicable
standard under 49 U.S.C. 33102 or 33103 is only a single violation. The maximum penalty under this paragraph (g)(1) for a
related series of violations is $749,432.

(2) A person that violates 49 U.S.C. 33114(a)(5) is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more
than $222,609 a day for each violation.

(h) Automobile fuel economy. (1) A person that violates 49 U.S.C. 32911(a) is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than
$52,468 for each violation. A separate violation occurs for each day the violation continues.

(2) Except as provided in 49 U.S.C. 32912(c), a manufacturer that violates a standard prescribed for a model year under 49
U.S.C. 32902 is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of $17 (for model years before model year 2019,
the civil penalty is $5.50; for model years 2019 through 2021, the civil penalty is $14; for model year 2022, the civil penalty
is $15; for model year 2023, the civil penalty is $16; for model year 2024, the civil penalty is $17), multiplied by each
.1 of a mile a gallon by which the applicable average fuel economy standard under that section exceeds the average fuel economy—

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(3) If a higher amount for each .1 of a mile a gallon to be used in calculating a civil penalty under paragraph (h)(2) of
this section is prescribed pursuant to the process provided in 49 U.S.C. 32912(c), the amount prescribed may not be more than
$33 for each .1 of a mile a gallon.

(i) Medium- and heavy-duty vehicle fuel efficiency. The maximum civil penalty for a violation of the fuel consumption standards of 49 CFR part 535 is not more than $51,668 per
vehicle or engine. The maximum civil penalty for a related series of violations shall be determined by multiplying $51,668
times the vehicle or engine production volume for the model year in question within the regulatory averaging set.

Signed in Washington, DC, on December 18, 2024. Subash Iyer, Acting General Counsel. [FR Doc. 2024-30608 Filed 12-27-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4910-57-P

Footnotes

(1) 28 U.S.C. 2461 note.

(2) Agencies may calculate the percent change using the CPI-U numbers, which are typically issued in November each year, and
confirm their calculations upon issuance of the annual OMB guidance.

(3) The 2015 Act specifies that if a civil penalty is increased by an amount greater than the amount of the required adjustment
during the 12-month period preceding the required adjustment, the Secretary is not required to make the adjustment for that
year. Consistent with this provision, the $75,000 amount will not be increased in this 2025 adjustment.

(4) As noted in footnote 3, the 2015 Act specifies that if a civil penalty is increased by an amount greater than the amount
of the required adjustment during the 12-month period preceding the required adjustment, the Secretary is not required to
make the adjustment for that year. Consistent with this provision, the $5,000 amount will not be increased in this 2025 adjustment.

(5) For model years before model year 2019, the civil penalty is $5.50; for model years 2019 through 2021, the civil penalty
is $14; for model year 2022, the civil penalty is $15; for model year 2023, the civil penalty is $16; for model years 2024
and 2025, the civil penalty is $17.

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