WIPO PCT Filings Increased 0.7% to 275,900 in 2025

www.wipo.int/pct/en March 2026 |

PCT filings rise again in 2025 International patent applications filed through the PCT system grew by 0.7% to reach 275,900 filings worldwide in 2025 – the second annual increase in a row. As in 2024, information and communications technologies accounted for a significant share of activity. More than a fifth of all PCT applications related to digital communication (11.1%) and computer technology (9.6%), while filings for digital communication and semiconductors grew by 6.1% each. China remained the leading origin of PCT filings with 73,718 applications (up 5.3% from 2024). Other top countries of origin included the United States of America (52,617 applications, -3.0% growth), Japan (47,922, -1.0%), the Republic of Korea (25,016, +4.9%) and Germany (16,441, -1.8%). The top 10 countries of origin, their number of filings and their share of total filings were as follows (preliminary figures):

1. China 73,718 26.7%
2. United States of America 52,617 19.1%
3. Japan 47,922 17.4%
4. Republic of Korea 25,016 9.1%
5. Germany 16,441 6.0%
6. France 7,778 2.8%
7. United Kingdom 5,809 2.1%
8. Switzerland 5,012 1.8%
9. Netherlands (Kingdom of the) 4,239 1.5%
10. Sweden 3,857 1.4% The top eight countries of origin all held the same positions in the rankings as in 2024. However, the Netherlands moved up one place to number 9 and Sweden advanced to the number 10 spot, with India falling from ninth in 2024 to 12th in 2025.

Don’t miss out on our upcoming PCT Seminars, Webinars, and other PCT-related events – consult the PCT Seminar Calendar in this issue! 1

China-based telecommunications company Huawei Technologies had 7,523 PCT applications published during 2025, maintaining its status as leading PCT applicant for the ninth year running. Three of the other top 10 applicants were also from China along with three from the Republic of Korea, two from Japan and one from the United States of America. Their 2025 published PCT application totals were as follows:

1. Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd (CN) 7,523
2. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd (KR) 4,968
3. Qualcomm Incorporated (US) 3,227
4. LG Electronics Inc. (KR) 2,400
5. Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited (CN) 2,203
6. Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd (JP) 2,094
7. LG Energy Solution, Ltd (KR) 1,958
8. BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd (CN) 1,946
9. Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co., Ltd (CN) 1,921
10. Mitsubishi Electric Corporation (JP) 1,835 Jio Platforms Limited of India entered the global top 20 following a huge increase of 971 in its published PCT applications. Other applicants that entered or returned to the top 20 included NTT Docomo, Inc. (Japan), Nokia Technologies OY (Finland) and Beijing Zitiao Network Technology Co., Ltd (China). Filing activity in the education sector was led by the University of California with 488 published PCT applications. Five other US institutions featured among the top 10 applicants from the sector, along with two universities from China and one each from Japan and the Republic of Korea. For more information on the 2025 PCT filings, including results for all countries of origin, refer to the press release and its annexes at: https://www.wipo.int/pressroom/en/articles/2026/article_0003.html Please note that all data are provisional as some PCT applications filed with national and regional Offices in 2025 may not yet have been received at the International Bureau (IB). Final results will be reported later this year.

International Exhibition of Inventions Geneva showcases global innovation

The 51st International Exhibition of Inventions Geneva has concluded successfully after five very busy days. Between 11 and 15 March 2026, inventors, investors, and the general public came together at Palexpo, Geneva, to explore more than 1,000 inventions from 35 countries and regions. Alongside a hall full of exhibits, an extensive program of presentations and workshops was on offer, including a range of activities for children and young people. More than 30,000 entries were recorded. 2

WIPO was once again one of the patrons of the Exhibition, and around 50 personnel from the Organization – including members of the PCT team – were on hand throughout to meet participants and offer expert advice on all aspects of intellectual property (IP) protection. WIPO shared a booth with the Swiss Federal Institute of Intellectual Property, and WIPO colleagues toured the hall to meet exhibitors and visitors. The WIPO Prize at the Exhibition was awarded to MTR Corporation Ltd of Hong Kong SAR for its Acoustic GearGuard technology, which uses sound technology to monitor train parts without touching them. For more information about the Exhibition, visit: https://www.wipo.int/en/web/pct-system/w/news/2026/wipo-connects-with-innovators-at- the-2026-international-exhibition-of-inventions-geneva https://www.inventions-geneva.ch/en/home-en/

IP leaders urge support for women innovators on International Women’s Day

WIPO has joined scores of IP Offices around the world in calling for more action to advance participation by women and girls in creativity, innovation and IP. In a joint statement issued to mark International Women’s Day on 8 March, signatories highlighted the need to make IP systems accessible and ensure that women can own and control the commercial outcomes of their work. Women are underrepresented in the IP ecosystem. According to WIPO’s World Intellectual Property Indicators 2025, only 18% of inventors listed in published PCT applications in 2024 were women. Policymakers in many countries are looking to close this gap as a critical part of efforts to enhance social justice, unlock potential, and drive economic growth and sustainable development. The joint message is available at: https://www.wipo.int/documents/d/women/docs-en-2026-international-womens-day-ipos- joint-message.pdf For more information about women and IP, including details of a range of initiatives, visit: https://www.wipo.int/en/web/women

Reminder – WIPO Global Awards 2026 for startups and SMEs

There is still time to apply for this year’s WIPO Global Awards – the closing date is 31 March

2026.

The Awards celebrate startups and SMEs that use IP to grow their businesses and generate positive impact. Ten company awards will be offered to five startups and five SMEs selected from various sectors, and a thematic award will be given to an SME in the sports sector (echoing the theme of WIPO World IP Day 2026), in addition to two Special Mentions (Best Woman Entrepreneur and Best Youth Entrepreneur). Entrepreneurs from all industries and all regions of the world can apply, and applications are accepted in Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Spanish and Russian. 3

The winners will gain international recognition through the WIPO-UN network and will be offered a customized six-month mentorship on IP strategy, commercialization, and business growth. They will also have chances to connect with investors, corporations, institutions, and business hubs worldwide – including at an Awards Ceremony in Geneva during the WIPO Assemblies, to be held in July 2026. For more information, visit: www.wipo.int/en/web/awards/global

PCT Patent Prosecution Highway (PCT-PPH) pilots PPH pilots between Austria and China and Czechia and China

Two Patent Prosecution Highway (PPH) pilot programs have been extended recently. The pilot program between China and Czechia has been extended for three years, from 1 January 2026 to 31 December 2028, while the pilot between Austria and China has been extended for five years, from 1 March 2026 to 28 February 2031. Further information can be found at: https://english.cnipa.gov.cn/art/2025/12/30/art_1340_203388.html https://upv.gov.cz/en/ip-rights/inventions-and-patents/cooperation-programs-and-bilateral- agreements https://english.cnipa.gov.cn/art/2026/3/2/art_3090_204815.html https://www.patentamt.at/en/all-news/news-detail/artikel/patent-prosecution-highway-mit- china-bis-2031-verlaengert

Electronic filing and processing of international applications Directorate of Foreign Trade & Industrial Property, National Patent Office (Bahrain) to begin receiving and processing international applications in electronic form

The Directorate of Foreign Trade & Industrial Property, National Patent Office (Bahrain), in its capacity as receiving Office, has notified the IB under PCT Rules 89bis.1(d) and 89bis.2 that, with effect from 1 October 2026, it is prepared to receive and process international applications in electronic form. The Office will accept international applications filed in electronic form using ePCT-Filing. The applicable electronic filing fee reductions listed in item 4 of the Schedule of Fees are indicated in Fee Table I(a). The notification containing the requirements and practices of the Office with regard to the filing of international applications in electronic form was published in the Official Notices (PCT Gazette) on 19 March 2026 at: https://www.wipo.int/en/web/pct-system/official-notices/index (Updating of PCT Applicant’s Guide, Annex C (BH))

WIPO Digital Access Service for Priority Documents

Under the Digital Access Service for Priority Documents (DAS), a PCT applicant can request the IB to retrieve a copy of an earlier application from DAS for use as a priority document, 4

instead of providing or arranging for the provision of a certified copy. Note that, in order to be able to make use of the DAS service, the Office with which the earlier application was filed needs to be a DAS depositing Office – not necessarily the receiving Office with which the international application is filed.

Patent and Trademark Office (San Marino) becomes an Accessing and Depositing Office of DAS

The Patent and Trademark Office (San Marino) has notified the IB that, with effect from 1 May 2026, it will commence operation as both a depositing and an accessing Office of the WIPO Digital Access Service. The corresponding DAS Notification is available at: https://www.wipo.int/en/web/das/participating-offices/search-details?territoryId=158

PCT Information Update EG Egypt (Office name and email changes; fee changes)

The Egyptian Patent Office has notified the IB of changes in the name of the Office and its email addresses, as follows: Name of Office: Egyptian Intellectual Property Authority Email: patinfo@egypo.gov.eg (for PCT matters) egypa-info@egypo.gov.eg The Office has also notified the IB that its national legislation does not restrict the filing of international applications with foreign Offices. (Updating of PCT Applicant’s Guide, Annex B (EG)) In addition, the Office has notified a new amount of the examination fee component of the national fee for patents payable to it as designated (or elected) Office. This amount, applicable since 18 June 2025, is EGP 50,000. Students are no longer exempt from paying the examination fee. (Updating of PCT Applicant’s Guide, National Chapter, Summary (EG))

ID Indonesia (institutions with which deposits of microorganisms and other biological material may be made)

The following depositary institution acquired the status of International Depositary Authority (IDA) under the Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure, with effect since 24 February 2026: Indonesian Culture Collection (InaCC) Directorate of Scientific Collection Management National Research and Innovation Agency (Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, BRIN) Kawasan Sains dan Teknologi Dr. (H.C.) Ir. H. Soekarno Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46 Cibinong 16911, West Java Indonesia 5

The full text of Budapest Notification No. 378 is available at: https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/treaties/notifications/details/treaty_budapest_378 JP Japan (fees) From 1 May 2026, there will be changes in the equivalent amounts in JPY of the international filing fee, the fee per sheet over 30, the electronic filing reduction (where applicable) listed in item 4 of the Schedule of Fees, and the handling fee payable to the Japan Patent Office, as indicated in the PCT Fee Tables. (Updating of PCT Applicant’s Guide, Annex C (JP) and E (JP)) KR Republic of Korea (Office name change) The Ministry of Intellectual Property (MOIP) (Republic of Korea) has notified the IB that the name of the Office is now as follows: Name of Office: Ministry of Intellectual Property of the Republic of Korea (MOIP) (Updating of PCT Applicant’s Guide, Annex B (KR)) MN Mongolia (email change) The Intellectual Property Office of Mongolia has notified the IB of a change to its email address, which is now as follows: Email: ipinfo@ipom.gov.mn (Updating of PCT Applicant’s Guide, Annex B (MN)) UY Uruguay (Office name change) The National Directorate of Industrial Property (DNPI) (Uruguay) has notified the IB that the name of the Office is now as follows: Name of Office: National Directorate of Industrial Property and Software Registry (DNPIRS) (Uruguay) (Updating of PCT Applicant’s Guide, Annex B (UY)) Search fee and other fees relating to international search (various Offices) The amount of the search fee and additional search fee for international searches carried out by the Nordic Patent Institute will change to DKK 14,080 from 1 April 2026. The amount of the search fee and additional search fee for international searches carried out by the Swedish Intellectual Property Office (PRV) will change to SEK 19,950 from 1 April 2026. From 1 March 2026 to 31 March 2026, there will be a new equivalent amount in Australian dollars (AUD) for the search fee for an international search carried out by the European Patent Office (EPO).

From 1 April 2026, there will be changes in the equivalent amounts payable in the currencies specified below for international searches carried out by the following Offices:

Austrian Patent Office ............... .............................................. CHF, KRW, SGD, USD, ZAR

Finnish Patent and Registration Office (PRH). ........................ CHF, USD

Nordic Patent Institute .............. .............................................. CHF, EUR, ISK, NOK, SEK,

USD

Spanish Patent and Trademark Office ..................................... CHF, USD

Swedish Intellectual Property Office (PRV). ............................ CHF, DKK, EUR, ISK, NOK,

USD

Visegrad Patent Institute (VPI) .............................................. CHF, HUF, USD

From 1 May 2026, there will be changes in the equivalent amounts payable in the currencies specified below for international searches carried out by the following Offices:

Australian Patent Office ............ .............................................. KRW, USD

Indian Patent Office .................. .............................................. CHF

Japan Patent Office (JPO) ........ .............................................. CHF

Ministry of Intellectual Property of the

Republic of Korea (MOIP)......... .............................................. AUD

United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) ............ ZAR

The new amounts are indicated in Fee Table I(b). (Updating of PCT Applicant’s Guide, Annex D (AT, AU, EP, ES, FI, JP, KR, SE, US, XN and XV)) Supplementary search fee (various Offices) From 1 April 2026, the amount payable in CHF for a supplementary international search carried out by the Swedish Intellectual Property Office (PRV) will change to CHF 1,734. From the same date, there will be changes in the equivalent amounts payable in the currencies specified below for the supplementary search fee for supplementary international searches carried out by the following Offices:

European Patent Office (EPO) . .............................................. CHF

Finnish Patent and Registration Office (PRH). ........................ CHF

Nordic Patent Institute .............. .............................................. CHF

Turkish Patent and Trademark Office (TÜRKPATENT). .......... CHF

Visegrad Patent Institute (VPI) . .............................................. CHF

The new amounts are indicated in Fee Table I(c). (Updating of PCT Applicant’s Guide, Annex SISA (EP, FI, TR, XN and XV)) 7

New/updated PCT resources PCT Applicant’s Guide: enhanced version of eGuide in Chinese WIPO has released an enhanced version in Chinese of the textual portions of the PCT Applicant’s Guide, its comprehensive collection of useful information about the PCT system. The new release includes HTML versions of the two general parts of the Guide – the Introduction to the International Phase and the Introduction to the National Phase – alongside the previously available pdf versions, making it easier for users to navigate through the text. The changes are the latest step in ongoing work to optimize the Guide for a wide range of digital devices by improving indexing, search and other functions. HTML versions of the general parts are already available in English, French, Japanese, Spanish and Russian, and a Korean version is in preparation. You can access the eGuide at: https://www.wipo.int/en/web/pct-system/guide/index Further enhancements are in the pipeline, and you are welcome to send feedback and suggestions to: pct.legal@wipo.int Upcoming PCT Trainings Join the Distance Learning Course: Introduction to the Patent Cooperation Treaty The WIPO Academy online basic distance learning course on the PCT (DL101PCT) provides an introduction to and general overview of the PCT System. The course is free and available in 10 PCT publication languages. Learning is through self-study with assessment questions to measure your understanding and progress. The whole course takes around 4 hours. After successful completion of all the course modules, you can download a course certificate. Registration is open from 15 January 2026 to 12 December 2026 at: https://welc.wipo.int/acc/index.jsf Practical Advice Options and consequences when the International Searching Authority finds a lack of unity of invention Q: The International Searching Authority (ISA) has found that the PCT application I filed does not comply with the requirement of unity of invention. It has sent me partial search results with an invitation to pay additional fees within one month (Form PCT/ISA/206). I do not agree with this finding. What options do I have? A: A PCT application must relate to one invention only or to a group of inventions so linked as to form a single general inventive concept (PCT Articles 3(4)(iii) and 17(3)(a), PCT Rule 13.1). This is referred to in PCT terminology as “unity of invention.” Whether an application complies with the requirement of unity of invention must be determined in accordance with the 8

interpretation of unity of invention contained in Annex B of the Administrative Instructions under the PCT (Section 206 of the Administrative Instructions). If the ISA considers that the international application does not comply with the requirement, it will initially search the parts of the international application which relate to the invention first mentioned in the claims (“the main invention”). Under PCT Article 17(3)(a), it will also invite the applicant to pay additional fees for each additional invention that has not been searched (Form PCT/ISA/206). The invitation to pay additional fees that you have received should specify the reasons why the international application does not comply with the requirement of unity of invention, the amount of additional fees to be paid, and the date by which you must pay the fees, which is one month from the date of the invitation (PCT Rule 40.1). This time limit is strict and cannot normally be extended, noting that the ISA has a time limit for establishing the international search report and written opinion (PCT Rules 42 and 43bis.1(a)). If you would like the ISA to search the additional inventions, the fees must be paid within the time limit. If you disagree with the determination of lack of unity of invention and would like to challenge the finding, you need to pay the additional fees for the inventions that you would like the ISA to search under protest (PCT Rule 40.2(c)). The protest is a statement which you submit to argue that your application complies with the requirement of unity of invention or that the amount of the required additional fees is excessive – in other words, you believe that there are fewer inventions or groups of inventions than the corresponding amount of additional fees requested. The ISA may charge a protest fee (PCT Rule 40.2(e)); if so, the ISA will also specify this in the invitation and you must also pay the protest fee within one month of receiving the invitation. The amounts of the applicable search fee and protest fee may be found in the PCT Applicant’s Guide, Annex D for those ISAs that charge them (not all ISAs require payment of a protest fee). If the applicable protest fee is paid within the time limit, a review body constituted within the ISA will review the protest and, if it concludes that the protest is justified, will order total or partial reimbursement of the fees in question including any protest fee. You may also request that the 1text of the protest and the related decision be notified to the designated Offices, but you will be required to furnish any translation of the text and decision that each designated Office may require (PCT Rule 40.2(c)). The ISA will establish the international search report on the main invention and any parts of the international application relating to the other inventions for which the additional fees have been paid within the time limit (PCT Article 17(3)(a)). It will not search claims that in its view are not part of the main invention unless the additional fees have been paid in time. Nevertheless, all the claims, including those that have not been searched, will be included in the international application to be published and will be part of the application entering the national phase. Please also note that it is not possible to divide international applications during the international phase. If you do not pay the additional fees, there is normally no other possibility of having the claims not relating to the main invention searched in the international phase. The International Preliminary Examining Authority (IPEA) is not obliged to examine claims that have not been searched (PCT Rule 66.1(e)) and in practice would not do so. Similarly, requesting a supplementary international search under PCT Rule 45bis will not enable you to have all claims

Although an additional fee is required for each separate invention, only one protest fee is payable (where applicable), 1 regardless of the number of additional search fees that you may have been invited to pay.

searched, since an Authority specified for supplementary search (SISA) may exclude from supplementary search any claims that were not the subject of the international search (PCT Rule 45bis.5(d)). The consequences in relation to the unsearched claims will depend on the applicable national law. The law of a designated State may provide that, where the designated Office finds that the ISA’s finding of lack of unity of invention was justified, the Office can consider those parts of the application that have not been searched to have been withdrawn with effect in the country concerned unless a special fee is paid to the Office (PCT Article 17(3)(b)). Under Article 4(G) of the Paris Convention, a designated State must also provide the applicant with the right to divide the patent application into divisional applications and preserve the date of the initial application and the benefit of any right of priority, although national law can specify the conditions where such divisions shall be authorized. For details on specific national requirements, please refer to the National Chapter for each Office in the PCT Applicant’s Guide. Further information can be found in the Practical Advice in the following issues of the PCT Newsletter:

– 06/2021: Addressing a finding of lack of unity of invention by the ISA – 07/2013: Amending the international application in order to address a finding of lack of

unity of invention

– 09/2008: The consequences of a finding of lack of unity of invention of an international

application on (i) the international preliminary examination and (ii) the national phase

– 08/2008: The consequences of a finding by the ISA of lack of unity of invention

PCT Newsletter readers are welcome to suggest questions for future Practical Advice articles. We cannot promise to cover every suggested topic, but we always give your ideas careful consideration. Please send feedback to: pct.newsletter@wipo.int

PCT Seminar Calendar

(https://www.wipo.int/pct/en/seminar/webinars/index.html) (situation as at 20 March 2026) Nature of seminar; Date and Language Organizer and

location of seminar WIPO speakers contact details Chinese and Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) China Council for the Promotion of 20 April 2026 Changsha (CN) English system and global patent protection International Trade (CCPIT) WIPO speakers: Mr. Yu, Mr. Bai and (Ms. Han Bing) Mr. Ma Email: hanbing@ccpit.org Tel: (86-10) 82217366 Chinese and As above As above 23 April 2026 English Foshan (CN) Chinese and As above As above 27 April 2026 English Xiamen (CN)

PCT Webinars

(https://www.wipo.int/pct/en/seminar/webinars/index.html) Nature of webinar; Date and Language Registration WIPO speakers time of webinar Russian Regional webinar for Central Asian, Register here 24 March 2026 online Caucasus and Eastern European 09:00–12:00 CET Countries (CACEEC): Find more information at: “PCT System: priority art for https://www.wipo.int/en/web/pct- international and national phases – system/training/index grace period” Speakers: Ms. Olga Krysanova, Program Officer, PCT International Cooperation Division, WIPO; Mr. Ezhov (EAPO); Ms. Senchikhina (Rospatent) Russian CACEEC regional webinar for Register here 16 April 2026 online students: 10:00–12:30 CET “Introduction to intellectual property Find more information at: and the PCT System” https://www.wipo.int/en/web/pct- Speakers: Ms. Olga Krysanova, system/training/index Program Officer, PCT International Cooperation Division, WIPO

Other IP events World IP Day, 26 April 2026 World IP Day is celebrated globally. For information visit: https://www.wipo.int/en/web/ipday/2026/index

Find the latest information on PCT training.

PCT Fee Tables

The following Tables show the amounts and currencies of the main PCT fees which are payable to the receiving Offices (ROs) and the International Preliminary Examining Authorities (IPEAs) during the international phase under Chapter I (Tables I(a) and I(b)) and under Chapter II (Table II). Fees which are payable only in particular circumstances are not shown; nor are details of certain reductions and refunds which may be available; such information can be found in the PCT Applicant’s Guide, Annexes C, D and E. Note that all amounts are subject to change due to variations in the fees themselves or fluctuations in exchange rates. The international filing fee may be reduced by CHF 100, 200 or 300 where the international application, or part of the international application, is filed in electronic form, as prescribed under Item 4(a), (b) and (c) of the Schedule of Fees (annexed to the Regulations under the PCT) and the PCT Applicant’s Guide, paragraph 5.189. A 90% reduction in the international filing fee (including the fee per sheet over 30), the supplementary search handling fee and the handling fee, as well as an exemption from the transmittal fee payable to the International Bureau as receiving Office, is also available to applicants from certain States—refer to footnotes 2 and 14. (Note that if the CHF 100, 200 or 300 reduction, as the case may be, and the 90% reduction are applicable, the 90% reduction is calculated after the CHF 100, 200 or 300 reduction.) The footnotes to the Fee Tables follow Table II. Key to abbreviations used in fee tables:

eq HUF Hungarian forint equivalent of – BRL Brazilian real MKD Macedonian denar SGD Singapore dollar IA international application IDR Indonesian rupiah BYN Belarusian rouble MUR Mauritian rupee SYP Syrian pounds IPEA International Preliminary ILS New Israeli sheqel BZD Belize dollar THB Baht MWK Malawian kwacha Examining Authority INR Indian rupee CAD Canadian dollar MYR Malaysian ringgit TJS Tajik somoni ISA International Searching IQD Iraqi dinar CHF Swiss franc NOK Norwegian krone TND Tunisian dinar Authority IRR Iranian rial CLP Chilean peso TRY Turkish lira NZD New Zealand dollar ISR international search ISK Icelandic krona CNY Yuan renminbi OMR Omani rial TTD Trinidad and Tobago dollar report COP Colombian peso JMD Jamaican dollar PEN Nuevo sol UAH Ukrainian hryvnia RO receiving Office CUP Cuban peso JOD Jordanian dinar UGX Uganda shilling PGK Kina CVE Cabo Verde escudo JPY Japanese yen PHP Philippine peso USD US dollar

Currencies: CZK Czech koruna KES Kenyan shilling PLN Polish zloty UYU Uruguayan peso

ALL Albanian lek DJF Djibouti franc KGS Kyrgys som UZS Uzbek sum QAR Qatari riyal AMD Armenian dram DKK Danish krone VND Vietnamese dong KHR Cambodian riel RON New leu AUD Australian dollar DZD Algerian dinar KPW Won (KP) RSD Serbian dinar XAF CFA franc BEAC AZN Azerbaijani manat EGP Egyptian pound KRW Won (KR) RUB Russian rouble XCD East Caribbean dollar BAM Convertible mark EUR Euro ZAR South African rand KZT Kazakh tenge SAR Saudi riyal BGN Bulgarian lev GBP Pound sterling LSL Lesotho loti SAT Samoan tala ZWD Zimbabwe dollar BHD Bahraini dinar GHS Ghanaian cedi LYD Libyan dinar SDG Sudanese pound BND Brunei dollar HRK Croatian kuna MAD Moroccan dirham SEK Swedish krona

Table I(a) — Transmittal and international filing fees Fee per Competent 1 sheet ISA(s) 1, 2 4 (CHF 1,330) over 30 1, 2, 3 Item 4(a) Item 4(b) Item 4(c) 5 6 7 (CHF 15) (CHF 100) (CHF 200) (CHF 300)

AL ALL 9,000 CHF 1,330 15 – EP 200 300 AM AMD 32,000 USD 1,667 19 – – – EA EP RU USD 1,667 19 – 376 AT EP SE USD 100 251 AP (or eq in local currency) AT EUR 52 EUR 1,428 16 – 215 322 EP AU AUD none AUD 2,526 28 – 380 570 AU KR AZN 30 USD 1,667 19 – 251 376 EA EP RU AZ BA BAM 60 EUR 1,428 16 – 215 322 EP BG EUR 40.90 EUR 1,428 16 – 215 322 EP RU BH BHD 70 USD 1,667 19 – – – AT EP SA US BN BND 150 BND eq CHF 1,330 eq CHF 15 – eq CHF 200 eq CHF 300 AU EP JP KR SG BR BRL 260 BRL eq CHF 1,330 eq CHF 15 – eq CHF 200 eq CHF 300 AT BR CL EP SE US 8 BW USD 32 USD 1,667 19 – – – EP BY BYN 110.25 1,667 19 – – – USD EA EP RU BZ BZD 300 1,667 19 – – – USD CA EP CA CAD 446.03 CAD 2,327 26 – 350 525 CA CHF 100 CHF 1,330 EP CH 15 – 200 300 CL eq USD CLP eq USD 130 CLP eq USD 1,667 19 – eq USD 251 eq USD 376 BR CL EP ES KR US 9 9 9 9 9 CNY none 130 – 1,790 2,690 CNY 11,910 CN EP CN 10 CO COP online: 360,000 COP eq CHF 1,330 eq CHF 15 – AT BR CL EP ES KR eq CHF 200 eq CHF 300 on paper : 476,500 RU USD online: 237 CL EP ES CR on paper: 289 CU CUP 2,400 eq CHF 15 – eq CHF 200 eq CHF 300 CUP eq CHF 1,330 AT BR CL EP ES RU 1,428 16 – 215 322 CV EUR – EUR AT BR EP KR 11

Fee per Competent 1 sheet ISA(s)1, 2 4 over 30 1, 2, 3 Item 4(a) Item 4(b) Item 4(c) 5 6 7

CY EUR 191 EUR 1,428 16 – – – EP CZ CZK 1,500 EUR 1,428 16 – 215 322 EP XV DE EUR 90 EUR 1,428 16 – 215 322 EP DJ USD none USD 1,667 19 – 251 376 AT EG EP DK DKK 950 DKK 10,660 120 – 1,600 2,400 EP SE XN DO USD 360 USD 1,667 19 – 251 376 CL EP ES US DZ DZD 10,000 CHF 1,330 15 – 200 300 AT EP EA RUB 2,000 USD 1,667 19 – 251 376 EA EP RU or EUR 1,428 16 – 215 322 EC USD 300 USD 1,667 19 – 251 376 CL EP ES EE EUR 120 EUR 1,428 16 – 215 322 EP EG USD 142 USD 1,667 19 – 251 376 AT EG EP US EUR 1,428 16 – 215 322 EP EP EUR 150 EUR 160) ES EUR 75.75 EUR 1,428 16 – 215 322 EP ES FI EUR 140 EUR 1,428 16 – 215 322 EP FI SE FR EUR 62 EUR 1,428 16 – 215 322 EP GB GBP 75 GBP 1,242 14 – 187 280 EP (From 1.4.2026 : GBP 100) GD Information not yet available 100 USD 1,667 19 – 251 376 AT EP IL RU US GE GED eq USD 12 2,500 or 5,000 USD 1,667 19 – – – AT AU CN EP SE GH GHS 13 GR EUR 115 EUR 1,428 16 – 215 322 EP HN 200 USD 1,667 19 – – – EP ES USD HR 26.54 EUR 1,428 16 – 215 322 EP EUR HUF 15,500 HUF 556,500 6,300 – 83,700 125,500 EP XV HU 1,330 IB 100 CHF CHF 15 100 200 300 Refer to footnote 15 14 or EUR 1,428 or EUR 107 16 107 215 322 14 or USD 1,667 or USD 125 19 125 251 376 14 ID IDR 1,000,000 IDR eq CHF 1,330 eq CHF 15 – eq CHF 200 eq CHF 300 AU EP JP KR RU SG IE 76 EUR 1,428 EUR EP 16 – 215 322 IL 656 1,667 19 – 251 376 ILS USD EP IL US 1,667 19 – 251 376 IN Paper filings: USD AT AU CN EP IN JP SE US INR 3,500 16 INR 17,600 17 No fee for e-filings USD 1,667 19 – 251 376 AU CA EG EP TR IQ IQD 77,075 or USD 55 IRR eq USD 1,667 eq USD 19 – eq USD 251 eq USD 376 CN EP IN RU IR IRR 500,000 (natural persons) IRR 2,500,000 (legal persons) IS ISK 20,300 ISK 202,400 2,300 – 30,400 45,700 EP SE XN IT EUR 30.99 EUR 1,428 EP 16 – 215 322 JM JMD 8,500 JMD eq USD 1,667 eq USD 19 – eq USD 251 eq USD 376 AT AU CA EP

Fee per Competent 1 sheet ISA(s)1, 2 4 over 30 1, 2, 3 Item 4(a) Item 4(b) Item 4(c) 5 6 7

JO JOD 100 USD 1,667 19 – 251 376 AT AU EP US JP JPY 17,000 JPY 250,500 2,800 – – 56,500 EP IN JP SG 18 (From 1.5.2026: JPY 264,900) (3,000) (59,800) USD 1,667 19 – 251 376 AT AU CN EP SE KE USD 250 or KES 5,000 plus cost of mailing USD 1,667 19 – 251 376 EA EP RU KG KGS 4,000 19 KH KHR 420,000 USD 1,667 19 – – – CN EP JP KR SG KN XCD 50 XCD eq CHF 1,330 eq CHF 15 – – – EP US KP KPW eq CHF 50 KPW eq CHF 1,330 eq CHF 15 – – – AT CN RU KR KRW 45,000 CHF 1,330 15 100 – 300 AT AU JP KR SG 20 KZ KZT 10,264.80 1,667 19 – – – USD EA EP RU USD 1,667 19 – – – LR USD 50 AT AU CN EP SE LS LSL – LSL eq CHF 1,330 eq CHF 15 – – – AT EP 11 LT EUR 92 EUR 1,428 EP XV 16 – 215 322 EUR LU EUR 19 1,428 16 – – – EP EUR LV EUR 70 1,428 EP 16 – 215 322 LY LYD – CHF 1,330 AT EP 15 – 200 300 11 MA MAD none CHF 1,330 AT EP RU SE 15 – 200 300 MD EUR 100 USD 1,667 EP RU 19 – 251 376 MK MKD 2,700 MKD eq CHF 1,330 EP eq CHF 15 – eq CHF 200 eq CHF 300 MN none CHF 1,330 EP KR RU 15 – – – MT EUR 55 EUR 1,428 EP 16 – – – MU MUR 5,000 MUR eq CHF 1,330 eq CHF 15 – eq CHF 200 eq CHF 300 AT AU EP MW MWK 6,000 USD 1,667 19 – – – EP 1,667 19 – 251 376 USD 93.87 AT CL EP ES KR SE MX USD 21 (natural persons) SG US USD 375.50 21 (legal persons) MY MYR 550 eq CHF 15 – eq CHF 200 eq CHF 300 MYR eq CHF 1,330 AU EP JP KR 22 NI USD 200 EP ES NL EUR 50 EUR 1,428 EP 16 – 215 322 NO NOK 800 NOK 16,600 190 – 2,500 3,740 EP SE XN NZ NZD 207 NZD 2,864 32 – 431 646 AU EP KR US OA XAF – XAF eq CHF 1,330 eq CHF 15 – eq CHF 200 eq CHF 300 AT EP RU SE 11 OMR eq USD 1,667 eq USD 19 – eq USD 251 eq USD 376 OM OMR 40 AT AU EG EP SA US 1,667 PA USD 240 19 – 251 376 BR CL EP ES US USD eq USD 1,667 eq USD 19 – eq USD 251 eq USD 376 PE PEN 233.35 PEN AT BR CL EP ES KR US PG PGK 250 USD 1,667 19 – – – AU PH PHP 4,200 USD 1,667 19 – 251 376 AU EP JP KR PH US PL PLN 300 PLN eq CHF 1,330 eq CHF 15 – eq CHF 200 eq CHF 300 EP XV 1,428 PT EUR online: 12.57 EUR EP 16 – 215 322 on paper: 25.14 eq USD 1,667 eq USD 19 – eq USD 251 eq USD 376 EG EP SA US QA QAR 400 QAR RO RON 508 EUR 1,428 EP RU 16 – 215 322 EUR 1,428 RS RSD 10,320 EP XV 16 – 215 322 23 RU RUB 2,000 USD 1,667 EA EP RU SA 19 – 251 376 RW Information not yet available SA USD 100 SAR 6,250 70 – 940 1,410 CA CN EG EP JP KR RU SA SG US 1,667 SC USD 19 – – – – USD EP 11 50 eq CHF 15 – eq CHF 200 eq CHF 300 SDG eq CHF 1,330 SD SDG EG EP SE SEK 1,200 SEK 15,680 180 – 2,360 3,540 EP SE XN

Fee per Competent 1 sheet ISA(s) 1, 2 4 over 30 1, 2, 3 Item 4(a) Item 4(b) Item 4(c) 5 6 7

SG SGD 150 SGD 2,156 24 – 324 486 AT AU EP JP KR SG SI EUR 91 EUR 1,428 16 – 215 322 EP SK none EUR 1,428 16 – 215 322 EP XV SV none CL EP ES 24 SY SYP 5,000 USD 1,667 19 – 251 376 AT EG EP RU TH THB 3,000 THB eq CHF 1,330 eq CHF 15 – eq CHF 200 eq CHF 300 AU CN EP JP KR SG US 1,667 TJ TJS – 19 – 251 376 EA EP RU USD 11 1,667 TM USD – 19 – – – EA EP RU USD 11 TN TND 100 15 – 200 300 EP CHF 1,330 TR none CHF 1,330 15 – 200 300 EP TR 1,667 TT 19 – 251 376 AT CL EP SE SG US TTD 750 USD UA UAH (or USD (or eq UAH or EUR) 1,667 19 – – – EP UA eq EUR or USD) 2,600 25 eq USD 1,667 UG eq USD 19 – eq USD 251 eq USD 376 AT EP SG UGX refer to Office UGX 1,667 19 125 251 – AU EP IL JP KR PH US USD 285 USD 26 small entity : 114 SG US 27 26 micro entity : 57 27 26 eq USD 1,667 eq USD 19 – eq USD 251 eq USD 376 BR CL EP ES JP UY UYU eq USD 100 UYU UZ UZS 245,000 EP RU 28 VN VND 300,000 CHF 1,330 15 – 200 300 AT AU EP JP KR RU SE SG WS SAT 200 USD 1,667 19 – 251 376 EP PH ZA ZAR 525 ZAR 28,760 320 – 4,320 6,490 AT AU EP US ZM USD 50 USD 1,667 19 – 251 376 AT SE ZW ZWD 6,000 ZWD eq USD 1,667 eq USD 19 – – – AT AU CN EP RU

| | Table I(b) — Search fees ISA Search fee 1

AT EUR 1,845 CHF 1,719 KRW 3,075,000 SGD 2,787 USD 2,154 ZAR 37,170 29 EUR 1,885 CHF 1,734 KRW 3,250,000 SGD 2,842 USD 2,237 ZAR 35,800) AU AUD 2,200 CHF 1,158 EUR 1,243 KRW 2,075,000 NZD 2,494 SGD 1,878 USD 1,452 ZAR 25,050 (From 1.5.2026: KRW 2,268,000 USD 1,555) BR BRL 2,510 CHF 375 EUR 403 USD 470 8 CAD 2,380.26 CHF 1,360 EUR 1,460 USD 1,705 CA CL USD 2,000 CHF 1,596 EUR 1,713 In case of filing by a natural person or a legal entity : USD 400 CHF 319 EUR 343 2 In case of filing by a university USD 300 CHF 239 EUR 257 30 CNY 2,100 CHF 235 EUR 252 USD 294 CN EA For searches carried out in Russian: RUB 9,000 CHF 86 EUR 93 USD 108 EUR 98 USD 116) For searches carried out in English: RUB 40,000 CHF 384 EUR 412 USD 481 EUR 435 USD 516) EGP 4,000 CHF 67 EUR 72 USD 84 EG 31 AUD 3,140 EUR 1,845 CHF 1,719 CNY 15,390 DKK 13,780 GBP 1,605 EP 32 HUF 717,900 ISK 261,700 JPY 323,700 NOK 21,460 NZD 3,701 SEK 20,270 SGD 2,787 USD 2,154 ZAR 37,170 AUD 3,210 EUR 1,885 CHF 1,734 CNY 15,710 DKK 14,080 GBP 1,632 HUF 719,500 ISK 263,600 JPY 345,900 NOK 21,620 NZD 3,717 SEK 19,950 SGD 2,842 USD 2,237 ZAR 35,800) EUR 1,845 CHF 1,719 USD 2,154 ES 32 (From 1.4.2026: EUR 1,885 CHF 1,734 USD 2,237) FI EUR 1,845 CHF 1,719 USD 2,154 (From 1.4.2026: EUR 1,885 CHF 1,734 USD 2,237) IL ILS 4,203 CHF 1,064 EUR 1,142 USD 1,333 IN INR 10,000 CHF 90 EUR 96 JPY 16,900 USD 113 In case of filing by a natural person, startup, small entity or an educational institution: INR 2,500 CHF 22 EUR 24 JPY 4,200 USD 28 (From 1.5.2026: CHF 84, or CHF 21 in case of filing by a natural person, startup, small entity or an educational institution) For IAs in Japanese: JP 33 JPY 143,000 CHF 759 EUR 815 KRW 1,356,000 USD 952 For IAs in English: JPY 169,000 CHF 897 EUR 963 SGD 1,455 USD 1,125 (From 1.5.2026: CHF 718 for IAs in Japanese, CHF 848 for IAs in English) KR For IAs in Korean: KRW 450,000 AUD 479 CHF 252 EUR 270 NZD 543 34 USD 316 SGD 409 For IAs in English: KRW 1,200,000 AUD 1,276 CHF 672 EUR 721 NZD 1,447 USD 842 SGD 1,089 (From 1.5.2026: AUD 437 for IAs in Korean, AUD 1,166 for IAs in English) PH 479 EUR 514 USD 600 CHF Small entity or government: USD 200 CHF 160 EUR 171 35 RU RUB 9,000 CHF 86 EUR 93 USD 108 For searches carried out in Russian: EUR 98 USD 116) For searches carried out in English: RUB 45,000 CHF 432 EUR 464 USD 541 (From 1.4.2026: EUR 489 USD 580) SA SAR 1,000 CHF 213 EUR 228 USD 267 SE SEK 20,270 CHF 1,719 DKK 13,780 EUR 1,845 ISK 261,700 NOK 21,460 USD 2,154 SEK 19,950 CHF 1,734 DKK 14,080 EUR 1,885 ISK 263,600 NOK 21,620 USD 2,237) SG SGD 2,350 CHF 1,449 EUR 1,556 JPY 272,900 KRW 2,582,000 USD 1,816 (From 1.3.2026: AUD 2,643) 16

| | Table I(b) — Search fees [continued]

(amounts on 1 March 2026, unless otherwise indicated)

ISA Search fee1

TR TRY 89,820 CHF 1,719 EUR 1,845 USD 2,154 (From 1.4.2026: TRY 97,060) UA EUR 100 CHF 93 USD 117 For IAs in Ukrainian or Russian: For IAs in English, French or German: EUR 300 CHF 280 USD 350 USD 2,400 CHF 1,915 EUR 2,056 NZD 4,124 ZAR 41,410 US For a small entity : 27 USD 960 CHF 766 EUR 822 NZD 1,649 ZAR 16,560 For a micro entity : 27 USD 480 CHF 383 EUR 411 NZD 825 ZAR 8,280 (From 1.5.2026: ZAR 38,300, ZAR 15,320 for a small entity, or ZAR 7,660 for a micro entity) XN EUR 1,845 DKK 13,780 CHF 1,719 ISK 261,700 NOK 21,460 SEK 20,270 USD 2,154 EUR 1,885 DKK 14,080 CHF 1,734 ISK 263,600 NOK 21,620 SEK 19,950 USD 2,237) XV EUR 1,845 CHF 1,719 HUF 717,900 USD 2,154 EUR 1,885 CHF 1,734 HUF 719,500 USD 2,237)

| | Table I(c) — Supplementary search fees ISA Supplementary search fee Supplementary search handling fee 2, 36

AT – for a search of German-language CHF 200 documentation: CHF 792 – for a search of European and North American documentation: CHF 1,109 – for a search of PCT minimum documentation: CHF 1,584 EP CHF 1,719 CHF 200 32 (From 1.4.2026: CHF 1734 EUR 1,885) FI CHF 1,719 CHF 200 (From 1.4.2026: CHF 1,734 EUR 1,885) RU CHF 115 CHF 200 CHF 182 37 SE CHF 1,719 CHF 200 (From 1.4.2026: CHF 1,734) SG CHF 1,449 CHF 200 – for a full search: CHF 1,719 TR CHF 200 – for a search only of documents in Turkish held in the search collection of the Authority: CHF 10 (Fee for a full search from 1.4.2026: CHF 1,734 TRY 97,060) UA – for a search of the documents in the search CHF 200 collection of the Authority, including the PCT minimum documentation: CHF 84 – for a search of only the European and North American documentation: CHF 84 – for a search of only the Russian language documentation of the former USSR and the Ukrainian language documentation: CHF 65 – for a search where a declaration referred to in PCT Article 17(2)(a) has been made because of subject matter referred to in PCT Rule 39.1(iv): CHF 56 – for a full search: CHF 1,719 CHF 200 XN – for searches only of documentation in Danish, Icelandic, Norwegian and Swedish: CHF 499 (Fee for a full search from 1.4.2026: CHF 1,734) CHF 1,654 – for a full search:XV CHF 200 – for searches only of documentation in Czech, Hungarian, Polish and Slovak: CHF 512 (Fee for a full search from 1.4.2026: CHF 1,734 EUR 1,885)

| | Table II — Preliminary examination fees Handling fee (CHF 200) IPEA Preliminary examination fee38 2, 38

AT EUR 1,749 EUR 215 29

AU AUD 590 820 AUD 380 39

BR BRL 930 BRL eq CHF 200 8 CA CAD 1,190.13 CAD 350 USD 1,500 USD 251 in case of filing by a natural person or a legal entity : USD 400 2 in case of filing by a university : USD 300 30 CN CNY 1,500 CNY 1,790 RUB: 6,750 Examination carried out in Russian: EA USD 251 Examination carried out in English: RUB: 24,000 Where ISR was prepared by Eurasian Patent Office: RUB: 4,500 Examination carried out in Russian: Examination carried out in English: RUB: 16,000 EG EGP 3,000 USD 251 EP EUR 1,915 (from 1.4.2026: EUR 2,010) EUR 215 32 ES EUR 595.37 EUR 215 32 FI EUR 690 EUR 215 IL ILS 1,801 ILS 822 If ISR prepared by ISA/IN: INR 10,000; IN USD 251 in case of filing by a natural person, startup, small entity or an INR 2,500 educational institution: If ISR not prepared by ISA/IN: INR 12,000; in case of filing by a natural person, startup, small entity or an educational institution: INR 3,000 34,000 For IAs in Japanese: JPY JP JPY 37,700 33 For IAs in English: JPY 69,000 KR KRW 450,000 KRW 357,000 USD 300 PH USD 251 Small entity or government : USD 150 35 For examination carried out in Russian: RUB 5,000 7,000 RU USD 251 40 41 For examination carried out in English: RUB 18,000 26,000 40 41 SAR 600 SA SAR 940 SEK 5,000 SE SEK 2,360 SG SGD 900 SGD 324 TR TRY 1,000 CHF 200 UA If the ISR has been prepared by ISA/UA: EUR 215 – for IAs in English, French or German: EUR 160 – for IAs in Russian or Ukrainian: EUR 50 If the ISR has been prepared by another ISA: – for IAs in English, French or German: EUR 180 – for IAs in Russian or Ukrainian: EUR 70 US USD 705 880 USD 251 42 : USD 282 352 For a small entity 27 42 For a micro entity : USD 141 176 27 42 XN DKK 5,000 DKK 1,600 XV EUR 900 EUR 215

Footnotes to fee tables:

1 Payable to the receiving Office in the currency or one of the currencies prescribed by it. 2 This fee is reduced by 90% where the applicant or, if there are two or more applicants, each applicant fulfills the criteria indicated on the PCT website at: https://www.wipo.int/en/web/pct-system/fees/index. Note that the PCT Assembly adopted an Understanding, with effect from 11 October 2017, which clarifies that this fee reduction is intended to apply only in the case where the applicants indicated in the request are the sole and true owners of the application and under no obligation to assign, grant, convey or license the rights in the invention to another party which is not eligible for the fee reduction. 3 Where the IA contains a sequence listing as a separate part of the description, this should be furnished in accordance with Annex C of the Administrative Instructions, that is, in compliance with WIPO Standard ST.26 XML format; no fees are due for sequence listings filed in this format. If the receiving Office does not accept international applications in electronic form in such format, the international application will be transmitted to the International Bureau as receiving Office (PCT Rule 19.4(a)(ii-bis)). 4 For the search fee payable to the receiving Office, consult the entry in Table I(b) for the competent International Searching Authority. 5 If the IA is filed in electronic form, the request not being in character coded format. 6 If the IA is filed in electronic form, the request being in character coded format. 7 If the IA is filed in electronic form, the request, description, claims and abstract being in character coded format. 8 This fee is reduced by 50% under certain conditions. For further details, refer to Official Resolution of the National Institute of Industrial Property (Brazil) No. 10/25 of 9 May 2025. 9 In calculating the USD equivalent amount in CLP, applicants should use the exchange rate fixed by the Central Bank of Chile on the day before the date of payment. 10 The EPO is available as International Searching and Preliminary Examining Authority as of 1 December 2020 as a pilot project. For further details, please refer to the EPO’s website at: https://www.epo.org/service-support/faq/own-file/cnipa-epo-pilot.html and to the CNIPA’s website at: https://www.cnipa.gov.cn/art/2020/10/20/art_53_153571.html. The pilot project has been extended until 30 November 2031. For further details, please refer to the EPO’s website at: https://www.epo.org/en/news-events/news/epo-and-cnipa-extend-pct-isa-pilot-until-2031 and to the CNIPA’s website at: https://www.cnipa.gov.cn/art/2025/9/24/art_53_201732.html 11 The amount of this fee is not yet known. The Office should be consulted for the applicable fee amount. 12 This fee is reduced by 70% where the applicant is the inventor, a higher educational institution or an independent scientific research unit and by 90% where the applicant is a student, a pupil or pensioner. 13 The first amount of the transmittal fee is applicable to individuals or entities employing fewer than 25 persons. The second amount is applicable to entities employing 25 persons or more. 14 This fee is not payable in respect of IAs filed by applicants fulfilling the conditions indicated on the PCT website at: https://www.wipo.int/en/web/pct-system/fees/index 15 The competent International Searching Authority(ies) for an IA filed with the International Bureau as receiving Office is (are) the Authority(ies) which would have been competent if the IA had been filed with the receiving Office of, or acting for, the Contracting State of which the applicant (or any of the applicants) is a resident or national. Refer also to the PCT Applicant’s Guide, Annex C (IB). 16 The fee for paper filings for natural person(s) or startup(s) or small entity(ies) or educational institution(s). 17 The fee for paper filings for other(s), alone or with natural person(s) or startup(s) or small entity(ies) or educational institution(s). 18 This fee is reduced if the application is filed in Japanese by applicants who are eligible for fee reductions, such as small or medium-sized enterprises, micro enterprises and academic institutions. Further details on eligibility for the fee reduction are available at: https://www.jpo.go.jp/system/process/tesuryo/genmen/genmen20190401/document/index/leaflet_e.pdf 19 This fee is reduced by 90% if the applicant is an individual. The amount does not include the postage/mailing costs which must be paid by the applicant directly to the express delivery service (e.g. DHL). For non-residents of Kyrgyzstan, the equivalent amount of the fee can be paid in a freely convertible currency, in accordance with the exchange rate established by the National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic and applicable on the date of payment. 20 The Japan Patent Office is competent only for IAs filed in Japanese or for which a translation into Japanese has been furnished under PCT Rule 12.3. 21 This fee includes value added tax (VAT) of 16%. 22 Plus, for paper filings: MYR 5 for one to ten pages, MYR 10 for 11 to 20 pages, MYR 40 for 21 to 50 pages, MYR 60 for 51 pages or more. 23 This fee is reduced by 50% where the applicant is a natural person. 24 Although there is no transmittal fee payable, the applicant must nevertheless pay the postage fee for the transmittal of the copy of the international application to the International Bureau and the International Searching Authority. 25 This fee is reduced by 90% where all applicants are also inventors and by 80% where all applicants are also non-profitable institutions and/or organizations. When the fee is payable with relation to an application made by both types of applicant, and all applicants are either also inventors, or non-profitable institutions and/or organizations, the fee is reduced by 80%. 26 Plus non-electronic filing fee portion for IAs filed other than by the Office electronic filing system of USD 400, or in the case of filings by small entities or micro entities: USD 200. 27 For further details about entitlement to and establishment of “small entity” status and “micro entity” status, refer to 37 CFR § 1.27 and 1.29 (pages R-51 and R-59), respectively, at: http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/pac/mpep/consolidated_rules.pdf 28 Reductions may apply – for further details refer to the Office’s website at: https://my.ima.uz/ru/regulatory/tarify-i-poshliny/ 29 The fee is reduced by 75% where the applicant, or if there are two or more applicants, each applicant is a natural person and is a national of and resides in a State for which the Austrian Patent Office is an International Searching Authority (in the case of the search fee)/International Preliminary Examining Authority (in the case of the preliminary examination fee). 30 Applicable where the applicant is (a) a Chilean university, or (b) a foreign university headquartered in any of the States which benefit, in accordance with the Schedule of Fees under the PCT Regulations, from the 90% reduction of the international filing fee. For details of applicants entitled to the 90% reduction, refer to: https://www.wipo.int/en/web/pct-system/fees/index. 31 This fee is reduced by 25% where the applicant, or, if there are two or more applicants, each applicant is a natural person or a legal entity and is a national of and resides in a State which is classified by the World Bank in the group of countries of “low income”, “lower middle income” or “upper middle income”. 32 The search and preliminary examination fees payable to the European Patent Office (EPO) and the Spanish Patent and Trademark Office, and the supplementary search fee in the case of the EPO, are reduced by 75% under certain conditions. For further information, refer to the relevant notes in the PCT Applicant’s Guide, Annexes D (EP and ES) and E (EP and ES) at: https://www.wipo.int/en/web/pct- system/guide/index 33 This fee is reduced for applications filed in Japanese, or for applications in respect of which a translation into Japanese has been furnished under PCT Rule 12.3, by applicants who are eligible for fee reductions, such as small or medium-sized enterprises, micro enterprises and academic institutions. For further details refer to: https://www.jpo.go.jp/system/process/tesuryo/genmen/genmen20190401/document/index/leaflet_e.pdf 34 This fee is reduced by 75% where the applicant, or if there are two or more applicants, each applicant is a national of, and has a residence or business domicile in, one of the following States: Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Colombia, Indonesia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Mexico, Mongolia, Peru, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Viet Nam. 35 Applicable where the applicant is a small entity which refers to any natural or juridical person whose assets are worth not more than one hundred million pesos (P100M); or any entity, agency, office, bureau or unit of the Philippine government including government-owned or controlled corporations, state universities and colleges and government-owned or government-run schools. 36 Payable to the International Bureau in Swiss francs. 37 This fee applies where a declaration referred to in PCT Article 17(2)(a) has been made by the International Searching Authority because of subject matter referred to in PCT Rule 39.1(iv) (methods of treatment). 38 Payable to the International Preliminary Examining Authority in the currency or one of the currencies prescribed by it. 39 Payable when the international search report was not issued by the Australian Patent Office. 40 Payable when the international search report was established by the Federal Service for Intellectual Property (Rospatent) (Russian Federation). 41 In all cases where footnote 40 does not apply. 42 Payable when the international search was not carried out by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) (provided that the USPTO is a competent International Preliminary Examining Authority in the particular case—refer to PCT Applicant’s Guide, Annex C (US)).

PCT Contracting States and Two-letter Codes (158 on 1 March 2026)

IR Iran (Islamic AE United Arab Emirates CY Cyprus (EP) ML Mali (OA) SI Slovenia (EP)2 2 2 Republic of)AG Antigua and Barbuda CZ Czechia (EP) MN Mongolia SK Slovakia (EP) IS Iceland (E P) AL Albania (EP)DE Germany (EP) MR Mauritania (OA) SL Sierra Leone (AP) 2IT Italy (EP)AM Armenia (EA)DJ Djibouti MT Malta (EP) SM San Marino (EP) 3 2 2 JM JamaicaAO AngolaDK Denmark (EP) MU Mauritius SN Senegal (OA) 2JO Jordan AT Austria (EP)DM Dominica MW Malawi (AP) ST Sao Tome and JP JapanAU AustraliaDO Dominican Republic MX Mexico Principe (AP) KE Kenya (AP) AZ Azerbaijan (EA) DZ Algeria MY Malaysia SV El Salvador KG Kyrgyzstan (EA) BA Bosnia and EC Ecuador MZ Mozambique (AP) SY Syrian Arab Republic KH CambodiaHerzegovinaEE Estonia (EP) NA Namibia (AP) SZ Eswatini (AP) 41 2KM Comoros (OA)BB BarbadosEG Egypt NE Niger (OA) TD Chad (OA) 2 2 2KN Saint Kitts and Nevis BE Belgium (EP)ES Spain (EP) TG Togo (OA) NG Nigeria 2 2KP Democratic People’s BF Burkina Faso (OA)FI Finland (EP) N I Nicaragua TH Thailand2 Republic of Korea BG Bulgaria (EP)FR France (EP) NL Netherlands (EP) TJ Tajikistan (EA)2 2KR Republic of Korea BH BahrainGA Gabon (OA) NO Norway (EP) TM Turkmenistan (EA) 2KW Kuwait BJ Benin (OA)GB United Kingdom (EP) NZ New Zealand TN Tunisia2 4KZ Kazakhstan (EA) BN Brunei Darussalam GD Grenada OM Oman TR Türkiye (EP) LA Lao People’s Demo-BR BrazilGE Georgia PA Panama TT Trinidad and Tobago 4 cratic RepublicBW Botswana (AP)GH Ghana (AP) P E Peru TZ United Republic of 4LC Saint LuciaBY Belarus (EA)GM Gambia (AP) PG Papua New Guinea Tanzania (AP) LI Liechtenstein (EP) BZ BelizeGN Guinea (OA) PH Philippines UA Ukraine2LK Sri LankaCA CanadaGQ Equatorial Guinea PL Poland (EP) UG Uganda (AP) LR Liberia (AP)CF Central African (OA) PT Portugal (EP) US United States of 2LS Lesotho (AP)Republic (OA)GR Greece (EP) America QA Qatar 22LT Lithuania (EP)CG Congo (OA)GT Guatemala RO Romania (EP) UY Uruguay 2 62LU Luxembourg (EP) CH Switzerland (EP) GW Guinea-Bissau (OA) RS Serbia (EP) UZ Uzbekistan2LV Latvia (EP)CI Côte d’Ivoire (OA)HN Honduras RU Russian VC Saint Vincent and the 22LY Libya CL Chile Federation (EA) HR Croatia(EP) Grenadines MA MoroccoCM Cameroon (OA) RW Rwanda (AP)HU Hungary (EP) VN Viet Nam 42MC Monaco (EP)CN China SA Saudi Arabia WS SamoaID Indonesia 2MD Republic of MoldovaCO Colombia SC Seychelles (AP) ZA South AfricaIE Ireland (EP) 42ME Montenegro (EP)CR Costa Rica SD Sudan (AP) ZM Zambia (AP) IL Israel 2,5MG MadagascarCU Cuba SE Sweden (EP) ZW Zimbabwe (AP)IN India MK North Macedonia (EP)CV Cabo Verde (AP) SG SingaporeIQ Iraq 1 Extension of European patent possible. 2 May only be designated for a regional patent (the “national route” via the PCT has been closed). 3 Italy may be designated for a national patent only in international applications filed on or after 1 July 2020. 4 Validation of European patent possible. For international applications filed before 1 October 2022, only an extension of a European patent is possible (there is no national 5 phase before the Intellectual Property Office of Montenegro). International applications fi led on or after 1 October 2022 will include the designation of Montenegro for a European Patent. 6 This Office has made a declaration under PCT Article 64(1)(a) and is not bound by Chapter II of the PCT. Where a State can be designated for a regional patent, the two-letter code for the regional patent concerned is indicated in parentheses (AP = ARIPO patent, EA = Eurasian patent, EP = European patent, OA = OAPI patent). Important: This list includes all States that have adhered to the PCT by the date shown in the heading. Any State indicated in bold italics has adhered to the PCT but will only become bound by the PCT on the date shown in parentheses; it will not be considered to have been designated in international applications filed before that date. Note that even though the filing of a request constitutes under PCT Rule 4.9(a) the designation of all Contracting States bound by the PCT on the international filing date, for the grant of every kind of protection available and, where applicable, for the grant of both regional and national patents, applicants should always use the latest version of the e-filing software used to generate the request form, or the latest versions of the request form (PCT/RO/101) and demand form (PCT/IPEA/401) (the latest versions are dated 1 July 2022). The request and demand forms can be printed from the website, in editable PDF format, at: https://www.wipo.int/pct/en/ forms/, or obtained from receiving Offices or the International Bureau, or, in the case of the demand form, also from International Preliminary Examining Authorities. Where possible, applicants are encouraged to use ePCT-Filing in order t to benefit from the most up-to-date PCT data.