Karnataka High Court Judgment on Nayeem Noor vs State of Karnataka
Summary
The Karnataka High Court has issued a judgment in the case of Mr. Nayeem Noor vs State of Karnataka. The court is considering a petition to quash an FIR and complaint filed under various sections of the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act and the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023.
What changed
The Karnataka High Court, in its judgment dated March 5, 2026, is addressing Criminal Petition No. 7805 of 2025 (and connected petition 7679 of 2025). The petitioner, Mr. Nayeem Noor, seeks to quash an FIR and complaint registered by the Beguru Police Station. The complaint pertains to alleged offenses under Sections 3(2)(v) and 3(1)(g) of the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, and various sections of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023, including those corresponding to offenses like causing hurt, criminal intimidation, and culpable homicide not amounting to murder.
This judgment represents a significant legal development for the parties involved and potentially for the interpretation and application of the SC/ST Act and the new BNS 2023 provisions. Compliance officers should note the specific sections of law invoked and the court's analysis of the facts and precedents. The outcome of this petition could influence how similar cases are handled by law enforcement and courts in Karnataka. While no specific compliance deadline or penalty is mentioned for regulated entities, the case highlights the critical importance of adhering to the procedural and substantive requirements of these laws.
What to do next
- Review FIR and complaint details for applicability to ongoing cases.
- Monitor court's reasoning on SC/ST Act and BNS 2023 provisions.
- Consult legal counsel regarding potential implications for pending investigations.
Source document (simplified)
Select the following parts of the judgment
| Facts | Issues |
| Petitioner's Arguments | Analysis of the law |
| Precedent Analysis | Court's Reasoning |
| Conclusion | |
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| Accepted by Court |
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Mr.Nayeem Noor vs State Of Karnataka on 5 March, 2026
Author: M.Nagaprasanna
Bench: M.Nagaprasanna
-1-
NC: 2026:KHC:13573
CRL.P No. 7805 of 2025
C/W CRL.P No. 7679 of 2025
HC-KAR
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA AT BENGALURU
DATED THIS THE 5TH DAY OF MARCH, 2026
BEFORE
THE HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE M.NAGAPRASANNA
CRIMINAL PETITION NO. 7805 OF 2025
C/W
CRIMINAL PETITION NO. 7679 OF 2025
IN CRL.P No. 7805/2025
BETWEEN:
MR.NAYEEM NOOR
S/O NOOR MOHAMMED OMER,
AGED ABOUT 66 YEARS,
R/AT:NO. 88, MOSQUE ROAD,
OPP. KFC, FRAZER TOWN,
BENGALURU - 560 005.
...PETITIONER
Digitally (BY SRI KIRAN S.JAVALI, SR.ADVOCATE FOR
signed by
SANJEEVINI J
KARISHETTY SRI AMAR ALEXANDER CORREA, ADVOCATE)
Location:
High Court of
Karnataka
AND:
1. STATE OF KARNATAKA
BY BEGUR POLICE STATION,
BENGALURU - 560 068.
REPRESENTED BY
STATE PUBLIC PROSECUTOR,
HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA
BENGALURU - 01.
-2-
NC: 2026:KHC:13573
CRL.P No. 7805 of 2025
C/W CRL.P No. 7679 of 2025
HC-KAR
SRI NAGARAJU
S/O. MUNISWAMY @
MUNISHAMI@ CHINNAPPA,
AGED ABOUT 31 YEARS,
R/AT: NO. 1115, NEAR ANJANEYA TEMPLE,
BEGURU, BENGALURU - 560 068.
...RESPONDENTS
(BY SRI ANOOP KUMAR, HCGP FOR R-1;SMT.SUMAN HEGDE, ADVOCATE FOR R-2)
THIS CRL.P FILED U/S 528 BNNS, 2023 PRAYING TO
QUASH THE FIR AND COMPLAINT DATED 30.05.2024,
29.05.2025 IN CR.NO.122/2025 BY RESPONDENT NO.1
BEGURU POLICE FOR THE OFFENCES P/U/S 3(2)(v), 3(1)(g) OF
THE SC/ST (POA) ACT AND SEC.115(2), 138, 190, 304(2),
310(2), 324(5), 331(4), 351(3), 352 OF THE BNS 2023
CORRESPONDING SEC.323, 362, 149, 395, 427, 457, 506,
504) PENDING ON THE FILE OF LXX ADDL.CITY CIVIL AND
SESSIONS JUDGE BENGALURU AS AGAINST THE PETITIONER
WHO IS ACCUSED NO.2 VIDE ANNENXURE A AND B.
IN CRL.P NO. 7679/2025
BETWEEN:
- SRI RAVICHANDRA H.R., S/O RAJASHEKAR REDDY, AGED ABOUT 58 YEARS, NO.748, 18TH MAIN, 6TH BLOCK, KORAMANGALA, BENGALURU SOUTH, BENGALURU - 560 095. -3- NC: 2026:KHC:13573 CRL.P No. 7805 of 2025 C/W CRL.P No. 7679 of 2025
HC-KAR
...PETITIONER
(BY SRI SANDESH J.CHOUTA, SR.ADVOCATE FOR
SRI CHANDRA NAIK T., ADVOCATE)
AND:
STATE OF KARNATAKA
BY BEGUR POLICE STATION,
REPRESENTED BY
PUBLIC PROSECUTOR,
HIGH COURT BUILDING,
BENGALURU - 560 001.SRI NAGARAJU
S/O MUNISWAMI @
MUNISHAMI @ CHINNAPPA,
AGED ABOUT 31 YEARS,
NO.1115,
NEAR ANJANEYA SWAMY TEMPLE,
BEGUR,
BENGALURU CITY - 560 068.
...RESPONDENTS
(BY SRI ANOOP KUMAR, HCGP FOR R-1;
SMT.SUMAN HEGDE, ADVOCATE FOR R-2)
THIS CRL.P IS FILED U/S 528 BNSS, 2023 PRAYING
TO QUASHING THE FIR IN CR.NO.122/2025, REGISTERED
BY THE RESPONDENT POLICE (BEGUR P.S) FOR THE
O/P/U/S 3(2)(V), 3(1)(g) OF THE SC/ST (POA) ACT-1989
AND SEC.115(2), 138, 190, 304(2), 310(2), 324(5),
331(4), 351(3) AND 352 OF BNS 2023 PENDING ON THE
FILE OF HON'BLE CITY CIVIL AND SESSIONS COURT, CCH-
71 AT BANGALORE.
-4-
NC: 2026:KHC:13573
CRL.P No. 7805 of 2025
C/W CRL.P No. 7679 of 2025
HC-KAR
THESE PETITIONS, COMING ON FOR ADMISSION, THIS
DAY, ORDER WAS MADE THEREIN AS UNDER:
CORAM: HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE M.NAGAPRASANNA
ORAL ORDER The petitioners, in these cases, call in question a solitary
crime that is registered in Crime No. 122 of 2025 for offences
punishable under Sections 3(2)(v) and 3(1)(g) of the
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of
Atrocities) Act, 1989 (hereinafter referred to as 'the Act', for
short) and Sections 115(2), 138, 190, 304(2), 310(2), 324(5),
331(4), 351(3) and 352 of BNS, 2023.
- Heard Sri Kiran S Javali, learned senior counsel
appearing for petitioner in Crl.P.No.7805 of 2025 and Sri
Sandesh J Chouta, learned senior counsel appearing for
petitioner in Crl.P.No.7679 of 2025, Sri Anoop Kumar, learned
High Court Government Pleader appearing for respondent No.1
and Smt Suman Hegde, learned counsel appearing for
respondent No.2.
NC: 2026:KHC:13573
HC-KAR
- Facts in brief, germane, are as follows:
3.1. The 2nd respondent is the complainant. The
petitioners in these cases are accused Nos.1 and 2. A complaint
comes to be registered on 29-05-2025 alleging several offences
against these accused. The complaint then becomes a crime in
Crime No. 122 of 2025. Barely within a week, the subject
petitions are filed. The crime is interdicted by grant of an
interim order of stay at the hands of the co-ordinate Bench.
The application seeking vacation of the interim order is
preferred by the State and the 2nd respondent/complainant.
The matter is heard at that stage.
3.2. It is the case of the complainant that, on
29-05-2025, several persons, including the accused, along with
certain henchmen barged into the property of the complainant,
kidnapped, thieved and assaulted the complainant apart from
trespassing into his property. The backdrop to the said
registration of the crime is a claim over the property. The
property is the subject matter of a civil suit in O.S.No.2150 of
2007 filed by the father of the complainant. The suit is
instituted seeking relief of declaration and possession. The suit
NC: 2026:KHC:13573
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comes to be rejected. The rejection of the suit is challenged in
the year 2025 before the co-ordinate Bench of this Court and
the matter is pending in RFA No.2119 of 2025.
3.3. Contemporaneously, while filing the Regular First
Appeal before this Court, the complainant has also set the
criminal law into motion, not on the pendency of the said
proceeding or on the same cause of action, but on the several
other offences as indicated hereinabove. The registration of the
crime against the accused is what has driven the accused to
this Court in these subject petitions.
- The learned senior counsels Sri Kiran S Javali and
Sri Sandesh J Chouta appearing for the petitioners in these
cases would in unison contend that, the matter which is purely
civil in nature is sought to be projected to become a crime, as
the father of the complainant who was plaintiff in the aforesaid
suit O.S.No.2150 of 2007 has lost the suit and after losing the
suit, his son has set the criminal law into motion, now on the
ground that the petitioners have trespassed into the property of
the complainant. The complainant is not even in possession of
NC: 2026:KHC:13573
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the property and if the complainant is not in possession of the
property, it would not become the offence of criminal trespass.
- The learned senior counsel Sri Kiran S Javali would
submit that Sy No. 352 is not even in existence, for which they
claim that phodi has been done and now numbered as
Sy.No.352/2 to 325/7. Therefore, the claim of the complainant
is completely contrary to the record. If the complainant is not
in possession of the property, the crime itself could not have
been registered against these petitioners is what is urged
before the Court.
6.1. Per contra, the learned counsel appearing for the
2nd respondent complainant and the 1st respondent/State would
in unison submit that the issue is not with regard to the civil
suit being given a colour of crime or a civil proceedings being
given a colour of crime. The complainant was in possession of
the property. The possession is determined by the jurisdictional
Tahsildar as well, who places a report on conducting an
inspection. In the light of the said possession, the petitioners
and their henchmen, totally about 500 people, have barged into
the property and destroyed several structures that were
NC: 2026:KHC:13573
HC-KAR
existing in the property and kidnapped and abducted a
particular person as well. It is on this basis, the crime comes to
be registered. Therefore, the fact of possession or otherwise
would go into the oblivion, in the light of the other offences of
theft and abduction being projected against these petitioners.
6.2. The learned counsel for the 2nd respondent submits
that the crime is registered 7 days prior to the grant of the
interim order. No investigation worth the name is even
conducted where there are a plethora of allegations against the
petitioners, apart from hurling of abuses which could become
the ingredients of the Act.
- The learned senior counsel Sri Sandesh J Chouta would
join issue contending that the crime itself could not have been
registered by the police, as the petitioners were in possession.
They are bona fide purchasers and the purchaser has entered
into a joint development agreement with the petitioner in the
companion petition. The issue is, on the face of it, civil in
nature and therefore, the complaint could not have been
registered and this Court must not permit investigation to be
continued in a seemingly civil dispute between the parties.
NC: 2026:KHC:13573
HC-KAR
- I have given my anxious consideration to the
submissions made by the learned senior counsels and the
learned counsel appearing for the respective parties and have
perused the material on record.
- A little walk in the history to consider the issue that is
now projected becomes imperative. A suit comes to be filed by
the father of the complainant in OS No.2150 of 2007. The Civil
Court frames the following issues and additional issues thereon.
They read as follows:
".... .... ....
- On the above pleadings, my predecessor in office has framed the following;
ISSUES
Whether the plaintiff proves that he is the
absolute owner in possession of the suit
schedule property ?Whether the plaintiff proves that the
Judgment and Decree passed in
OS.No.76/1979 in respect of the suit
schedule property is not binding on him?Whether the plaintiff proves that the
defendants are trying to interfere with his
peaceful possession and enjoyment of the
suit schedule property ?
- 10 -
NC: 2026:KHC:13573
HC-KAR
- Whether the plaintiff is entitled for the relief of declaration and permanent injunction as prayed for?
Addl. Issues:
Whether the 6th defendant proves that he is
the bonafide purchaser of a portion of the
suit schedule property ?Whether the suit is bad for non joinder of
necessary parties?Whether the suit is not properly valued ?
Whether the suit is hopelessly barred by
limitation?What order or decree ?"
One of the additional issues that was framed by the Concerned
Court was, whether the 6th defendant, who is the petitioner in
Crl.P.No.7679 of 2025, would prove that he is the bona fide
purchaser of a portion of the suit schedule property. The said
issue is answered in the negative, notwithstanding the fact that
the entire suit itself is negated by the concerned Court, thereby
observing that the plaintiff does not prove that he is the
absolute owner in possession of the scheduled property.
Therefore, the possession itself is in doubt. At paragraph No.21
an observation is made as to who is the bona fide purchaser
and it reads as follows:
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NC: 2026:KHC:13573
HC-KAR
"21. Plaintiff contended that defendants are trying
to interfere with his possession but to prove his
possession not even a scrape of paper produced to show
his possession over the suit schedule property as on the
date of suit. When the documents produced by
himself clearly establishes the possession of
defendant No.1, such being the thing, the alleged
interference as contended by plaintiff holds no
water in the eye of law and it is settled law that
interference need not be physical even by
contesting the case by filing Written statement
itself is sufficient but in the present case on hand
plaintiff failed to prove neither his title nor
possession. On the other hand, defendants have
successfully rebutted the case of plaintiff. Hence, plaintiff
not entitled for the relief as sought for. Hence, I answer
all issues in the negative."
(Emphasis added)
At paragraph 21, as observed hereinabove, it is mentioned as
to who is in possession of the property. The suit is dismissed in
the year 2019. Nothing happens thereafter.
- It transpires that the petitioners have entered into
certain further transactions when disturbance ensued and the
complainant registers a crime which becomes the fulcrum of
Criminal Petition No.11495 of 2024, wherein this Court grants
an interim order of stay of further investigation in Crime
No.329 of 2024. The subject petitions do not concern the said
crime. After the aforesaid proceeding, alleging that the incident
- 12 -
NC: 2026:KHC:13573
HC-KAR
on 29-05-2025, would become the ingredients of all the
offences alleged, the crime was registered by the
2nd respondent/complainant. The subject complaint reads as
follows:
" ೆಂಗಳ ರು
29.05.2025
ರವ ೆ
ಆರ ಕ ೕ ಕರು,
ೇಗೂರು ಆರ ಕ ಾ ೆ.
ೆಂಗಳ ರು 560068
ರವ ಂದ
ಾಗ ಾಜು ಮು ಾ @ ಮು !ಾ @ "ನ$ಪ&,
ವಯಸು) ಸು*ಾರು 31 ವರುಷ
ನಂ.1115, ಆಂಜ ೇಯ ಾ ,ೇವ ಾ-ನದ ಹ/0ರ,
ೇಗೂರು, ೆಂಗಳ ರು, 560068 1ಾ/ *ಾ2ಗ
8197771661 / ಾಗ ಾಜು
Nagarajnaga 78583@gmail.com
*ಾನ3 ೇ
4ಷಯ :- 2 ಾಂಕ 28.05.2025ರ ಾ/5 ಸು*ಾರು 12:30 ಗಂ6ೆ ೆ ೇಗೂರು ಾ5ಮದ
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- 14 -
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ಆK0tಾK0 ೆ ಗಂŒೕರ7ಾದ Fಾ ಾಡು/0ದು> ಇಬ‡ರು ವ3S0ಗಳನು$ ಅಪಹ Kರುವ
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- 15 - NC: 2026:KHC:13573
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( ಾಗ ಾಜು) (ಮು ಾಜು) (ಮು ಕೃಷ}) (ಮಂಜು ಾಥ) (Bಲ:ಪ&)"
(Emphasis added)
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This becomes a crime in Crime No. 122 of 2025, for a plethora
of offences. The issue now would be, whether on the score that
the father of the complainant has lost the civil suit in
O.S. No.2150 of 2007, the complainant should be permitted to
register the complaint or the State Agency should be permitted
to continue with the investigation.
11. As observed hereinabove, the crime is registered on
29-05-2025 and the interim order, in favour of the petitioners
is granted on 06-06-2025 and 10-06-2025 respectively, seven
to ten days after the registration of the crime. Therefore, the
petitions are preferred even before the ink on the crime could
dry. The allegation is not limited to the trespass. The offences
are the ones punishable under Section 138 of the BNS which is
abduction, 190 of the BNS which is unlawful assembly, 304 of
the BNS which is snatching, 324 and 331 of the BNS being
mischief and trespass respectively, and Sections 3(1)(g) and 3(2)(v) of the Act for wrongful dispossession of a member of
the Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe for his land or
premises knowing that such person belongs to a Scheduled
Caste or Scheduled Tribe. Therefore, it is an amalgam of
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several offences against the petitioners and not only that of
trespass. If the entire issue was relating only to the offence of
427 or 447 of the earlier regime, the IPC, which is mischief and
criminal trespass respectively, it would have been altogether a
different circumstance. The crime being too nascent, this Court
would not lend its protective hands to the petitioners without
investigation.
- What is projected is, that the dispute between the
parties is purely civil in nature and therefore, the crime cannot
spring. It is trite law that merely because a proceeding projects
it to be a civil dispute, the criminal proceedings cannot be set
aside. Both civil and criminal law, in certain circumstances, can
contemporaneously go on is the settled principle of law, which
is too well settled by the Apex Court in a plethora of
judgments.
12.1. The Apex Court in [ROCKY v. STATE OF
TELANGANA1](https://indiankanoon.org/doc/158338248/) has held as follows:
".... ..... ....
The appellant's core contention, that the
dispute is purely civil in nature, is untenable at this2025 SCC OnLine SC 2713
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stage. Although courts must guard against giving
criminal colour to civil disputes, it is equally well
settled that the existence of civil remedies does not
preclude criminal prosecution where the allegations
disclose the essential ingredients of an offence. Civil
and criminal proceedings may validly coexist if the
factual matrix supports both."
12.2. The Apex Court in ANURAG BHATNAGAR v.
STATE (NCT OF DELHI)2 has held as follows:
".... ..... ....
The allegations in the application moved
under Section 156(3) CrPC and the material in
support thereof reveals that SHL is contending
breach of the conditions of MoU dated 11.03.1995
and that it has been induced and deceived by VLS for
entering into the aforesaid MoU. VLS has cheated SHL
and its officers by making a false promise which was
legally impossible to be carried out. The allegations
of breach of conditions of the MoU or of making a
false promise by itself may not give rise to any
criminal action as no criminality is attached to it.
However, there are elements of inducement, criminal
conspiracy and cheating which are also borne out
from the allegations made in the application and the
complaint, which if proved, may amount to
commission of an offence. Therefore, once such
allegations are made out, it is difficult for the court in
exercise of its inherent jurisdiction to interfere with
the FIR, only for the reason that some of the disputes
are of civil nature which may or may not be having
any criminality attached to it.It is well settled by a catena of decisions of this
Court, especially in State of Haryana v. Ch. Bhajan Lal
Singh, that the discretion to quash an FIR at a nascent
stage has to be exercised with great caution and
circumspection. In this connection, it would be beneficial to2025 SCC OnLine SC 1514
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refer to an old case of Privy Council in [King
Emperor v. Nazir Ahmad Khwaja](https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1708066/) wherein the law was well
settled that the courts would not thwart any investigation
or that the courts should be very slow in interfering with
the process of investigation. It is only in rare cases where
no cognizable offence is disclosed in the FIR that the court
may stop the investigation so as to avoid the harassment of
the alleged accused. Even in such exercise of power, the
court cannot embark upon an inquiry as to the genuineness
or otherwise of the allegations made in the FIR or the
complaint which have to be examined only after the
evidence is collected.
The breach of conditions of the MoU or
allegations of false promises in relation to the
aforesaid MoU are undisputedly subject matter of the
different FIRs lodged by VLS itself. Therefore,
violation of those conditions for some reasons have
been considered by VLS to be offensive. Therefore,
the High Court rightly held that if breach of those
conditions of the MoU itself has been considered to
be of criminal nature by VLS, it cannot be permitted
to turn around and allege that such breach of
conditions would be of pure civil nature.Thus, in the above facts and circumstances, we
do not consider to go into detail as to the exact nature of
disputes involved in the FIR and leave the same to be
adjudicated upon by the appropriate court where the
chargesheets have been submitted."
12.3. In KATHYAYINI v. SIDHARTH P.S. REDDY3 the
Apex Court has held as follows:
".... .... ....
We now come to the issue of bar against
prosecution during the pendency of a civil suit. We
hereby hold that no such bar exists against
prosecution if the offences punishable under criminal2025 SCC OnLine SC 1428
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law are made out against the parties to the civil suit.
Learned senior counsel Dr.MenakaGuruswamy has rightly
placed the relevant judicial precedents to support the above
submission. In the case of [K. Jagadish v. Udaya Kumar
G.](https://indiankanoon.org/doc/8051415/) [S.3](https://indiankanoon.org/doc/157412304/), this Court has reviewed its precedents which clarify
the position. The relevant paragraph from the above
judgment is extracted below:
"8. It is thus well settled that in certain
cases the very same set of facts may give rise to
remedies in civil as well as in criminal
proceedings and even if a civil remedy is availed
by a party, he is not precluded from setting in
motion the proceedings in criminal law."
20. In Pratibha Rani v. Suraj Kumar4, this Court
summed up the distinction between the two remedies as
under:
"21. ... There are a large number of cases
where criminal law and civil law can run side by
side. The two remedies are not mutually
exclusive but clearly coextensive and essentially
differ in their content and consequence. The
object of the criminal law is to punish an
offender who commits an offence against a
person, property or the State for which the
accused, on proof of the offence, is deprived of
his liberty and in some cases even his life. This
does not, however, affect the civil remedies at all for
suing the wrongdoer in cases like arson, accidents, etc.
It is an anathema to suppose that when a civil remedy
is available, a criminal prosecution is completely
barred. The two types of actions are quite different in
content, scope and import. It is not at all intelligible to
us to take the stand that if the husband dishonestly
misappropriates the stridhan property of his wife,
though kept in his custody, that would bar prosecution
under Section 406 IPC or render the ingredients of Section 405 IPC nugatory or abortive. To say that
because the stridhan of a married woman is kept in the
custody of her husband, no action against him can be
taken as no offence is committed is to override and
distort the real intent of the law."
- The aforesaid view was reiterated in Kamaladevi Agarwal v. State of W.B.,
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"17. In view of the preponderance of authorities
to the contrary, we are satisfied that the High Court
was not justified in quashing the proceedings initiated
by the appellant against the respondents. We are also
not impressed by the argument that as the civil suit
was pending in the High Court, the Magistrate was not
justified to proceed with the criminal case either in law
or on the basis of propriety. Criminal cases have to
be proceeded with in accordance with the
procedure as prescribed under the [Code of
Criminal Procedure](https://indiankanoon.org/doc/445276/) and the pendency of a civil
action in a different court even though higher in
status and authority, cannot be made a basis for
quashing of the proceedings."
After surveying the abovementioned cases, this
Court in K. Jagadish (supra) set aside the holding of High
Court to quash the criminal proceedings and held that
criminal proceedings shall continue to its logical end.The above precedents set by this Court
make it crystal clear that pendency of civil
proceedings on the same subject matter, involving
the same parties is no justification to quash the
criminal proceedings if a prima facie case exists
against the accused persons. In present case
certainly such prima facie case exists against the
respondents. Considering the long chain of events
from creation of family tree excluding the daughters
of K.G. Yellappa Reddy, partition deed among only
the sons and grandsons of K.G. Yellappa Reddy,
distribution of compensation award among the
respondents is sufficient to conclude that there was
active effort by respondents to reap off the benefits
from the land in question. Further, the alleged threat
to appellant and her sisters on revelation of the
above chain of events further affirms the motive of
respondents. All the above factors suggest that a
criminal trial is necessary to ensure justice to the
appellant."
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12.4. In [PUNIT BERIWALA v. STATE (NCT OF
DELHI](https://indiankanoon.org/doc/78386474/))4 the Apex Court holds as follows:
"... .... ....
MERE INSTITUTION OF CIVIL PROCEEDINGS CANNOT ACT
AS A BAR TO INVESTIGATION OF COGNIZABLE OFFENCES
- It is trite law that mere institution of civil proceedings is not a ground for quashing the FIR or to hold that the dispute is merely a civil dispute. This Court in various judgments, has held that simply because there is a remedy provided for breach of contract, that does not by itself clothe the Court to conclude that civil remedy is the only remedy, and the initiation of criminal proceedings, in any manner, will be an abuse of the process of the court. This Court is of the view that because the offence was committed during a commercial transaction, it would not be sufficient to hold that the complaint did not warrant a further investigation and if necessary, a trial. [See: Syed Aksari Hadi Ali Augustine Imam v. State (Delhi Admin.), (2009) 5 SCC 528, Lee Kun Hee v. State of UP, (2012) 3 SCC 132 and Trisuns Chemicals v. Rajesh Aggarwal, (1999) 8 SCC 686]".
(Emphasis supplied at each instance)
- In view of the afore-quoted judgments, the criminal
culpability and civil wrong can be the two sides of the same
coin insofar as the investigation is concerned, more so in the
light of the fact that the jurisdictional Tahsildar has inspected
the property and has rendered a report that the family of
complainant is residing in Sy.No.352/5 of the suit schedule
property. The report of the Tahsildar reads as follows:
2025 SCC OnLine SC 983
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"ಉಪತಹ?ೕ<ಾ>
ಉಪತಹ?ೕ<ಾ>p ರವರAಾOಾ;ಲಯ,
ರವರAಾOಾ;ಲಯ ಾಡಕ©ೇ ೇಗೂರು,
ೇಗೂರು ೇಗೂರು FೋಬJ,
FೋಬJ
ೆಂಗಳ ರು ದªಣiಾಲೂ:ಕು ೆಂಗಳ ರು -560068
ಎ ಎV/ ೇ/ಎಂಎPK/Kಆp 88/2025-26 2 ಾಂಕ:04/06/2025(ಲಗತು0 ಕಡತಕ5 ಸಂ 1 ಂರವ ೆ ೆ)
ೆ,
ತಹ?ೕ<ಾ>p ರವ ೆ
ೆಂಗಳ ರು ದªಣ iಾಲೂ:ಕು
ೆಂಗಳ ರು4ಷಯ: ೆಂಗಳ ರು ದªಣ iಾಲೂ:ಕು ೇಗೂರು FೋಬJ, ೇಗೂರು ಾ5ಮದ
ಸ.ನಂ 352/5 Fಾಗೂ 352/6 ರ ಜ ೕ ನ9: ನTೆದ ಸ-ಳAೆg ೇ_ ೕV
ಸ-ಳವನು$ ಪ ?ೕ9K ವರ2 ೕಡಲು Aೋ ಸFಾಯಕ „9ೕP
ಆಯುಕ0ರು ಎ<ೆAಾ« ` K_ ಉಪ4žಾಗ ೆಂಗಲೂರು ರವರ ಮನ4ಉ<ೆ:ೕಖ: 1)*ಾನ3 ಸFಾಯಕ „9ೕP ಆಯು
ತ ಕ©ೇ ಎ<ೆAಾ«K_
ಉಪ4žಾಗ, ರವರ ಪತ5ದ ಸಂ8ೆ3
©.f.¦.J¸ï/¦J¸ï/ªÉƸÀA 122/2025- 2:30/05/20251)*ಾನ3 ತಹ?ೕ<ಾ>p ರವರ ಕ©ೇ ಾಪನ ಪತ5ದ ಸಂ8ೆ3 ಎಂ ಎP
K/K ಆp 122/2025-26 2 ಾಂಕ:30/05/20252) ಾಜಸ ೕ ಕರ ವರ2 ಸಂ8ೆ3 ಾ. ( ೇ) Qಆp 33/2025-26
^ೕಲgಂಡ 4ಷಯAೆg ಸಂಬಂ2Kದಂiೆ, ಉ<ೆ:ೕಖ (1) ರನ ಯ ೆಂಗಳ ರು ದªಣ
iಾಲೂ:ಕು ೇಗೂರು FೋಬJ, ೇಗೂರು ಾ5ಮದ ಸ.ನಂ 352/5 Fಾಗೂ 352/6 ರ
ಜ ೕ ನ9: ನTೆದ ಸ-ಳAೆg ೇ_ ೕV ಸ-ಳವನು$ ಪ ?ೕ9K ವರ2 ೕಡಲು Aೋ
ಸFಾಯಕ „9ೕP ಆಯುಕ0ರು ಎ<ೆAಾ« ` K_ ಉಪ4žಾಗ ರವರು Aೋ ರುವ ಬ ೆW
ಉ<ೆ:ೕಖ (2) ರ ಪತ5ದ9: ಸೂ"Kರುವಂiೆ ಸಂಬಂಧಪಟu ಾಜಸ ೕ ಕ ಂದ ಉ<ೆ:ೕಖ (3)
ರಂiೆ ವರ2 ಪTೆದು ಪ ?ೕ9ಸ<ಾ=,ೇಗೂರು FೋಬJ,
FೋಬJ ೇಗೂರು ಾ5ಮದ ಸ.ನ
ನ 352 ರ ಜ ೕನು ಮೂಲತಃ
ಇ ಾಂ/ ಜ ೕನು ಇದು>, ಸದ ಸ.ನಂ
ನಂ „ೕVOಾ= ಸ.ನಂ
ನಂ 352/1, 352,2 352/3,
352/4 352/5 352/6 352/7 352/8 352/9 352/10 352/11 ಎಂಬು,ಾ=
„ೕVOಾ=ದು>, ಸದ ಸ.ನಂ
ನಂ 352/5 ರ9: ೇಣುAಾ ಯಲ:ಮD Fಾಗೂ !ಾಂತ ಮು ೇಶ ರ
,ೇವ ಾ-ನ Fಾಗೂ ಮು !ಾ ರವರ 7ಾಸದ ಮ ೆ ಇದು>, ಈ ಬ ೆW ಾ3y <ೈy
- 24 - NC: 2026:KHC:13573
HC-KAR
ನAಾ!ೆಯಂiೆ ಕಂಡುಬಂ2ದು>, ಈ ಬ ೆW ಾ5ಮಸ-ರು ©ಾಯ "ತ5ಗಳನು$ ೕVರುiಾ0 ೆ.ೆ ಸ.ನಂ
ನಂ
352/5 ರ9: 0-13 ಗುಂ6ೆ ಜ ೕ ನ9: ಮು !ಾ ಉರು- "ನ$ಪ& Fಾಗೂ Fೆಂಡ/
ಮು ಯಲ:ಮD ಮತು0 ಮಕgಳY ,ೇವ ಾ-ನದ 1ೊiೆ ೆ ಮ ೆಯನು$ ಕ_uAೊಂಡು
7ಾಸ4ರುವb,ಾ= /JKರುiಾ0 ೆ.ೆ
ಮು !ಾ ಉರು- "ನ$ಪ& ರವರು ಆ2 ,ಾ54ಡ ಜ ಾಂಗದವ ಾ=ರುವb,ಾ=
/JKರುiಾ0 ೆ.ೆ Fಾಗೂ ಸ.ನಂ
ನಂ 352/2 ರ9: 0-14 ಗುಂ6ೆ Fಾಗೂ ಸ.ನಂ
ನಂ 352/5 ರ9: 0-12
ಗುಂ6ೆ EzÀÄÝ, EzÀgÀ 8ಾiೆ,ಾರರುಗಳY ಎಂ ?5ೕ 7ಾP Fಾಗೂ SರM Aೆ ರವರ Fೆಸ ನ9:
ಕ5ಮ7ಾ= 0-06 ಗುಂ6ೆ,
ಗುಂ6ೆ 0-06 ಗುಂ6ೆ MlÄÖ 0-12 ಗುಂ6ೆ ಈ ಾಗ<ೇ ಭೂ
ಪ ವತ; ೆOಾ=ರುತ0,ೆ.ೆ Fಾಗೂ ಒಎP ನಂ 481/2011 ರಂiೆ K4f ಾ3Oಾಲಯದ9:ಸ.ನಂ
ನಂ 352/2 Fಾಗೂ
Fಾಗೂ 352/5 ಜ ೕನುಗಳ ಪ5ಕರಣ ನTೆಯು/0ರುತ0,ೆ.ೆ Fಾಗೂ ೆಂಗಳ ರು
4ದು3~ ಸರಬ ಾಜು ಕಂಪ ಯ ತ ರವರ ಆpಆp ಸಂ8ೆ3 K¸ï10ºÉZï96948,
2660306192 Fಾಗೂ 14001832 ರಂiೆ 8ಾiೆ ಇದು>, ಸ.ನಂ 352/5 Aೆg ಒಳಪ_uರುತ0,ೆ.
ಸದ ಜ ೕ ೆ ಸಂಬಂhKದಂiೆ ಪ5?$ತ, ಗೂಗf ನ®ೆ ©ಾಯಪ5/ಗಳY Fಾಗೂ
,ಾಖ<ೆಗ•ೆ ಂ2 ೆ ಮುಂ2ನ ಕ5ಮAೆg ತಮD ಅವ ಾಹ ೆ ೆ ಸ9:K,ೆ.ಸl/-
ಉಪತಹ?ೕ<ಾ>ರರು
ಾಡಕ©ೇ , ೇಗೂರು
FೋಬJ
ೆಂಗಳ ರು zÀQët vÁ®ÆèPÀÄ"(Emphasis added)
In that light, investigation in such cases is a must and is in the
least.
14. Therefore, finding no merit in these petitions, the
petitions stand rejected.
Interim order of any kind operating shall stand dissolved.
- 25 -
NC: 2026:KHC:13573
HC-KAR
Pending applications, if any, also stand disposed.
SD/-
(M.NAGAPRASANNA)
JUDGE
BKP
List No.: 2 Sl No.: 25
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