Repo Market Participant Lending Relationships and Net Positions
Summary
The Office of Financial Research published a brief analyzing participation in the U.S. repo market, examining lending relationships and quantifying outstanding repo positions by financial institution type. The analysis focuses on the NCCBR (non-centrally cleared bilateral repo) segment, identifying which participants act as net lenders versus net borrowers and visualizing two-way cash flows between broker-dealers, banks, and hedge funds.
What changed
The OFR released Brief 26-03 presenting new empirical facts about the U.S. repo market, specifically analyzing lending relationships and net positions across market participants. The research quantifies outstanding repo positions for banks, dealers, hedge funds, and money market funds, identifying the roles each plays as net lenders or borrowers within and across repo market segments. The analysis includes Sankey diagrams illustrating bilateral cash flows in the NCCBR segment.
This is an informational research brief with no regulatory requirements or compliance obligations. Financial institutions and fund managers may review the findings to understand market structure and counterparty dynamics in the repo market. No deadlines, penalties, or required actions are associated with this publication.
Source document (simplified)
Who Participates in Repo?
By Ashlyn Cenicola, Melanie Friedrichs, Robert Mann, and Luke M. Olson
Published: March 31, 2026
Banks, dealers, hedge funds, and money market funds participate in the repo market for different reasons. This brief presents new facts about lending relationships in the U.S. repo market, quantifying outstanding repo positions of financial institutions by type and identifying which types are net lenders and net borrowers, within and across repo market segments (Brief no. 26-03).
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