The Court of Appeals of Virginia reversed in part the Circuit Court of Albemarle County's summary judgment in a negligence action brought by a high-school soccer player who suffered an exertional heat injury during an optional conditioning session held during a heat advisory. The appellate court held that genuine issues of material fact remain regarding gross negligence, assumption of risk, and contributory negligence, precluding summary judgment. The court also affirmed the trial court's exclusion of the plaintiff's expert witness, holding that only a medical doctor is qualified to testify as to causation of physical injury under Virginia law.