ARS Scientific Peer Review Information Collection Comments Open

Content

ACTION:

Notice and request for comments.

SUMMARY:

The proposed information collection requirement described below will be submitted to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
for review, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 and OMB implementing regulations. The Department is soliciting
public comments on the subject proposal.

DATES:

Written comments on this notice should be submitted on or before April 20, 2026.

ADDRESSES:

All comments concerning this notice should be directed to the Director and Program Coordinator listed under
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT
.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

Kent Amott, Acting Director and Program Coordinator, Office of Scientific Quality Review (OSQR), Agricultural Research Service,
5601 Sunnyside Avenue, Beltsville, Maryland 20705; email: kent.amott@usda.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

The OSQR will seek approval from OMB to update six existing forms to ensure that ARS can efficiently manage data associated
with the peer review of agricultural research. All forms are transferred and received electronically and may include on-line
submissions in the future.

Abstract: The OSQR was established in September 1999 as a result of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of
1998 (“The Act”) (Pub. L. 105185). The Act included mandates to perform scientific peer review of all research activities
conducted by USDA. The office manages the ARS peer review system by centrally coordinating all intramural peer review functions
for ARS research projects on a 5-year cycle.

Each set of reviews is assigned a chairperson to govern the panel review process. Peer reviewers are external to the Agency
and are non-ARS scientists. Peer review panels are convened to assess the technical/scientific quality and correctness of
each research project plan. Each panel reviewer receives information on a range of two to five ARS research projects.

On average, 150 research projects are reviewed annually by an estimated 185 reviewers. Approximately 130 are reviewed by a
panel and approximately 20 are reviewed through an ad hoc (written review) process. The management and execution of this peer
review process is vastly dependent on the use of these forms.

The OSQR will seek OMB approval of the following forms:

1. Confidentiality Agreement Form: USDA uses this form to document that a selected reviewer is responsible for keeping confidential any information learned during
   the subject peer review process. The Confidentiality Agreement is signed before the reviewer's involvement in the peer review
   process. The form requires an original signature and can be submitted electronically.

2. Panelist Information Form: USDA uses this form to gather the most recent background information and diversity and inclusion data about the reviewer,
   and information relevant to paying an honorarium and travel expenses when needed. Sensitive information is transmitted on
   this form and destroyed after payment is received.

3. Peer Review of an ARS Research Project Form (Peer Review Form): USDA uses this form to guide the reviewer's expert comments in written form on the assigned project plan. The form contains
   the criteria for plan review and seeks the reviewer's narrative comments and evaluation.

4. Additional Reviewer Comment Form: This form is supplied to members of a panel not assigned as a primary or secondary reviewer on a particular project plan;
   however, it encourages additional expert comments or recommendations for any plan regardless of a reviewer's assignment as
   primary or secondary.

5. Ad Hoc Review Form: USDA uses this in select cases (e.g., for reviewers not participating in a panel review). It contains a check-off listing of action classes that allows reviewers
   to provide an overall rating of the plan.

6. Recommendations for ARS Research Project Form (Recommendations Form): USDA uses this form to guide the panels 's evaluation and critique of the review process. The form combines both primary and
   secondary reviewers' recommendations of the research project plan.

7. Panel Expense Report Form (Expense Report): USDA uses this form to document a panel reviewer's expenses incurred traveling to and attending a peer review meeting. The
   expense report asks reviewers to list lodging, meal, and transportation expenses. When completed, the form contains sensitive
   information and is held in compliance with ARS travel guidelines: This form is used only in rare circumstances when a panel
   meeting requires that reviewers travel.

(1) USDA's collection of information on the Confidentiality Agreement Form is needed to document that a selected reviewer
is responsible for keeping confidential any information learned during the subject peer review process. The Confidentiality
Agreement would be signed before the reviewer's involvement in the peer review process.

(2) USDA's collection of information on the Panelist Information Form is needed to collect the most recent background information
along with diversity and inclusion data about the reviewer. It contains sensitive information.

(3) USDA's collection of information on the Peer Review Form and Reviewer Comment Form is needed to guide reviewers' comments
on the subject project. Both contain review guidance and space to insert comments.

(4) USDA's collection of information on the Ad Hoc Review Form is needed to guide reviewer comments of those not participating
in a chaired panel and affords a place to select an overall Action Class rating for the plan.

(5) USDA's collection of information on the Recommendations Form is needed to guide the panel's critique of the review process.
It contains the

  recommendations of the panel for the subject research project.

(6) USDA's collection of information on the Expense Report Form is needed to document a panel reviewer's expenses incurred
by attending a peer review meeting. The Expense Report requests lodging, meal, and transportation expense data. It includes
sensitive information.

Estimate of Burden: The burden associated with this approval process is the minimum required to successfully achieve program objectives. The information
collection frequency is the minimum consistent with program objectives. The following estimates the time required to complete
the forms, based on previous OSQR experience with our current business model.

l. Confidentiality Agreement Form (10 minutes completion time). The reviewer must read and consider the terms of the agreement
and then sign and date the form.

1. Chair and Panelist Information Form (30 minutes completion time). The reviewer provides standard personal information,
   similar to that found in grant review programs.

2. Panelist Peer Review of an ARS Research Project Form (4-7 hours completion time), Project page lengths will vary. Reviewers
   may freely write as much as they wish and complete the form. To adequately evaluate a research project plan that may exceed
   60-70 pages in length, each reviewer must thoroughly read each plan.

3. Reviewer Comment Form (60 minutes completion time). General assessment of the plan with brief comments on the approach
   and feasibility of the project and about one page.

4. Panel Recommendation for ARS Research Project Form (30-60 minutes completion time). The page length significantly varies
   among panelist peer reviews and reviewer comments. All recommendation forms are completed by the OSQR and further discussed
   and revised by the reviewers as part of their panel discussions. In-person panels are handled in the same manner.

5. Panel Expense Response Form (30 minutes completion time).

Respondents and Estimated Number of Respondents: Selected scientific experts currently working in the same discipline as the research projects being peer reviewed. These external
experts are credible peers to ARS. Annually, about 185 peer reviewers complete these forms. Most all plans are discussed and
deliberated via webinar and telephone conferencing. Travel is not generally necessary. Thus, reviewers are not expected to
complete Panel Expense Reports.

Frequency of Response:

| Form | Number of
respondents | Annual frequency |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Confidentiality Agreement | 185 | 1 per respondent (Total—. |
| Peer Review Forms (required and assigned 2 plans) | 200 | 2 per panel respondent (Total = 400). |
| Reviewer Comment Form (reviewer is not assigned as primary or secondary review) | 6 | 2 per panel respondent (Total = 12). |
| Expense Report (in-person reviewers) | 6 | 1 per respondent (Total = 6). |
| Panelist Information Forms | 185 | 1 per respondent/per form (Total = 185). |
| Recommendations Form (non-online project reviews) | 82 | 2 per respondent (Total = 164). |
Estimated Total Annual Burden on Respondents:

| Form
(time required to complete) | Number
completedannually | Total burden
(hours) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Confidentiality Agreement (10 minutes) | 185 | 31 |
| Panelist Information Forms (30 minutes) | 185 | 93 |
| Peer Review Forms (6 hours) | 200 | 1200 |
| Recommendations Form (2 hours) | 82 | 164 |
| Reviewer Comment Form (1 hour) | 6 | 6 |
| Expense Report (30 minutes) | 6 | 3 |
Authority: The Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, 44 U.S.C. chap. 35.

Comments: The Notice is soliciting comments from members of the public and affected agencies concerning the proposed collection of information
to (1) evaluate whether the proposed collection is necessary for the proper performance of ARS functions, including whether
the information will have practical utility; (2) evaluate the accuracy of the estimated burden from proposed collection of
information; (3) enhance the quality, utility, and clarity of the information to be collected; and (4) minimize the burden
of the collection of information on those who are to respond, including the use of appropriate automated collection techniques
or other forms of information technology (e.g., permitting electronic submission of responses). All responses to this notice will be summarized and included in the request
for OMB approval.

All comments will become a matter of public record.

Mari Gomez, ARS Chief of Staff. [FR Doc. 2026-04061 Filed 2-27-26; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3410-03-P

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