FCC Industry Analysis

Vertical Conduct Violation Fines Dropped Six-Fold in 2025

A report indicates that fines for vertical conduct violations globally dropped six-fold in 2025 compared to 2024, with the number of infringement decisions halved. Despite this overall decrease, the European Commission remained the most active enforcer, focusing on the consumer and retail sectors, and resale price maintenance continued to be a key area of scrutiny.

Trump Administration Establishes $20B Reinsurance Facility for Persian Gulf Shipping

The Trump administration has established a $20 billion reinsurance facility through the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation (DFC) to support private insurers providing coverage for maritime shipping in the Persian Gulf. This initiative aims to reduce war risk premiums and ensure the free flow of energy commodities.

EC Consultation on Private Equity Exit Obstacles

The European Commission has launched a consultation seeking feedback on obstacles faced by private equity investors when exiting investments in EU private companies. The consultation aims to improve access to finance for EU start-ups and scale-ups and will inform potential future regulatory or policy actions.

Ocean Carriers Add Fuel Surcharges Due to Middle East Disruptions

Major ocean carriers are implementing Emergency Fuel Surcharges (EFS) due to Middle East disruptions and increased routing costs. The U.S. Federal Maritime Commission (FMC) requires carriers to provide 30 days' notice for such surcharges, making enforceability dependent on proper filing and effective dates.

EU Maritime and Ports Strategies Adopted

The European Commission adopted the EU Industrial Maritime Strategy and EU Ports Strategy on March 4, 2026. These initiatives aim to strengthen the competitiveness, sustainability, and resilience of the EU's maritime ecosystem, covering shipbuilding, shipping, port infrastructure, and maritime technologies. They signal both business opportunities and increased regulatory scrutiny for maritime and infrastructure investors.

EBA Final Guidelines on Third-Country Branch Capital Endowment

The European Banking Authority (EBA) has published final guidelines on instruments that third-country branches can use to meet their capital endowment requirements under CRD IV. These guidelines clarify which debt securities and other instruments are acceptable and set operational conditions for their use.

Global Cartel Fines Surge to $3.3 Billion in 2025

Global cartel fines reached $3.3 billion in 2025, the highest total since 2021, driven primarily by enforcement actions in the European Union. The report highlights significant increases in fines from the European Commission and EU member states, while the US saw its lowest fine total in recent memory.

ESMA Final Draft RTS on Margin Transparency and Clearing Costs

The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) has published final draft Regulatory Technical Standards (RTS) on margin transparency requirements and clearing costs under EMIR 3. These drafts aim to improve transparency for clearing participants regarding margin calls and clearing fees.

CIT Suspends IEEPA Duty Refund Order for CBP ACE Functionality

The U.S. Court of International Trade (CIT) has suspended its order requiring immediate refunds of IEEPA duties. This suspension allows U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) time to develop new Automated Commercial Environment (ACE) functionality to process these refunds, estimated to be implemented in 45 days. Importers are advised to complete electronic refund setup and consider filing protests.

Data Brokers Face New Compliance Rules from CalPrivacy and FTC

California and the FTC are implementing new compliance rules for data brokers. California's Delete Request and Opt-out Platform (DROP) mechanism is now active, with data deletion requirements starting August 1, 2026. The FTC has also issued warnings regarding the Protecting Americans' Data from Foreign Adversaries Act (PADFAA).