Section 301 Investigation: Brazil's Trade Practices

Detected March 1st, 2026

Summary

The Office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR) has initiated a Section 301 investigation into Brazil's trade practices concerning digital trade, electronic payment services, tariffs, anti-corruption enforcement, intellectual property, ethanol market access, and illegal deforestation. This action seeks to determine if these practices are unfair or discriminatory.

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What changed

The USTR has launched a Section 301 investigation into a range of Brazil's acts, policies, and practices. These include issues related to digital trade and electronic payment services, unfair and preferential tariffs, anti-corruption enforcement, intellectual property protection, ethanol market access, and illegal deforestation. The investigation aims to assess whether these practices are unreasonable or discriminatory and burden or restrict U.S. commerce.

This investigation is in its initial stages, and the USTR is seeking public input. Companies and interested parties involved in trade with Brazil, particularly in the digital services, agricultural, and intellectual property sectors, should review the USTR's announcement and consider submitting comments by the specified deadline. The outcome of this investigation could lead to potential trade actions or negotiations between the U.S. and Brazil.

What to do next

Review the USTR's announcement regarding the Section 301 investigation into Brazil's trade practices.
Consider submitting comments or relevant information to the USTR by the stated deadline.
Assess potential impacts on business operations related to digital trade, tariffs, IP, and market access in Brazil.

Source document (simplified)

Section 301 – Brazil’s Acts, Policies, and Practices Related to Digital Trade and Electronic Payment Services; Unfair, Preferential Tariffs; Anti-Corruption Enforcement; Intellectual Property Protection; Ethanol Market Access; and Illegal Deforestation

Section 301 Investigations
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- Section 301- EU Beef Trade Topics Enforcement Section 301 Investigations Section 301 – Brazil’s Acts, Policies, and Practices Related to Digital Trade and Electronic Payment Services; Unfair, Preferential Tariffs; Anti-Corruption Enforcement; Intellectual Property Protection; Ethanol Market Access; and Illegal Deforestation Public Hearing Transcript (subject to errata review) – September 8, 2025

Public Hearing Panel Schedule – September 3, 2025

Initiation of Section 301 Investigation, Hearing, and Request for Public Comments – July 15, 2025

Comments Docket – The USTR portal for submitting comments opened on July 17, 2025. Comments must be received by August 18, 2025, at 11:59 PM EDT.

Requests to Appear Docket – The USTR portal for submitting requests to appear at the public hearing opened on July 17, 2025. Requests must be received by August 18, 2025, at 11:59 PM EDT.

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