Chromophores with New Bridges that Increase Refractive Index

Abstract

The present disclosure is directed, in general, to (1) nonlinear optical (NLO) chromophores, including (2) compositions/materials/resistive layers comprising NLO chromophores, and the methods of making the compositions/materials/resistive layers comprising NLO chromophores (e.g., methods of poling and/or drying, and the like), (3) uses of NLO chromophores in electro-optic devices (e.g., electro-optic modulators (EOMs)). NLO chromophores disclosed herein not only have large EO effect, but also have fast modulation speed. In addition, NLO chromophores disclosed herein have superior refractive index, photostability and thermal stability compared to other EO Materials. As a consequence, NLO chromophores herein are particularly suited for use as EO materials in connection with low power and small footprint devices, including devices used in data acquisition systems, analog I/O modules, field transmitters, lab and field instrumentation, servo drive control modules, direct current (DC) power supply, alternating current (AC), and/or electronic load.

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